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. 2023 Jul 24;13:11939. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-39151-0

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© The Author(s) 2023

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Interspecific scaling relationships of body size and inner ear measurements. Scaling relationships (logarithmic axes) from pGLS models between (a) body mass and surface area of the saccule, lagena, and utricle (and their combined total surface area) across 26 elasmobranch species. Total surface area = 0.45x + 0.16. Saccule = 0.45x – 0.01. Lagena = 0.49x – 0.93. Utricle = 0.42x – 0.52; (b) body mass and mean diameter of the semi-circular canals and ampullae from 26 elasmobranch species. Mean ampulla diameter = 0.15x – 0.16. Mean semi-circular canal diameter = 0.11x – 0.57; (c) and body mass and volume of different inner ear structures in 10 species. Saccule = 0.91x – 1.50. Lagena = 0.79x – 1.95. Utricle = 0.74x – 1.69. Macula neglecta = 0.77x – 2.57. Endolymphatic duct = 0.56x – 1.38. Horizontal canals = 0.70x – 0.39. Soft labyrinth = 0.76x – 0.37. Skeletal labyrinth = 0.93x – 0.20. For full regression outputs, see Tables S1 and S2.