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. 2023 Jul 24;13:11919. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-39290-4

Table 1.

List of parameters, formulas, and references used in the present study.

Parameter Formula Reference
Basin area (km) A Schumm (1956)
Basin perimeter (km) P Schumm (1956)
Basin length (km) Lb Gregory and Walling (1973)
Total stream length (km) Lu = L1 + L2 … Lu Strahler (1957, 1964)
Total stream number Nu = N1 + N2……Nu Strahler (1957, 1964)
Drainage density Dd = Lu/A Horton (1932)
Frequency Fs = ∑Nn/A Horton (1932)
Elongation ratio Eb = √2 Ab∕lb Schumm (1956)
Circularity ratio C = 4πA/P2 Miller (1953)
Form factor F = A/L2 Horton (1932)
Compactness coefficient c = P∕2√pA Gravel us (1914)
Sinuosity ratio SI = OL/EL Schumn (1956)
Longest channel Lc Horton (1932)
Slope S = Bh/Lb Schumn (1956)
Time of concentration Tc = 0.0078Lb0.77S−0.38 Kirprich 1940
Length of overland flow Lo = 0.5 × 1/Dd Schumm (1956)
Constant of channel maintenance C = 1/Dd Schumn (1956)
Shape index Lb2/A Horton (1945)
Infiltration number Fs × Dd Faniran 1986
Basin width Wb Horton (1932)
Drainage texture Td = ∑Nu/P Horton (1945)
Basin relief Bh = H − h Schumn (1956)
Relief ratio Rr = Hr/L Schumn (1956)
Ruggedness number Rn = H/Dd Strahler (1957, 1964)
Bifurcation ratio (Rb) Rb = Nn − 1/Nn Schumm (1956)