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. 2023 Jul 24;14(7):461. doi: 10.1038/s41419-023-05926-6

Fig. 5. GANT-61 induced chondrosarcoma cell death through apoptosis and autophagy.

Fig. 5

A The GSEA enrichment plot showed autophagysome is decreased in the chondrosarcoma (P < 0.01, NES = −2.03). B The heatmap representation of this subset of genes. C The gene-concept network analysis was performed and visualized in Cytoscape. D, E GSEA analysis of autophagysome (p < 0.01, NES = 1.15) and macroautophagy (P < 0.01, NES = 1.14) between GANT-61 and the control group. F Representative autophagosome-like vacuoles with double-membrane structures depict ultrastructures of autophagy. G Immunofluorescence analysis for LC3-II puncta in the isolated tumor cells of the two groups (left); Quantification of the number of LC3-II puncta (right, *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01). H Western blot was used to detect the expression of LC3B-II (an autophagosome marker) and P62 (a known autophagy substrate) with or without Baf A1 (left); Densitometry was performed for quantification, and the ratios of LC3B-II and P62 to b-actin are presented (right, **P < 0.01).