Table 3.
Results from additional analyses including transitions in PSWQ-A and CES-D-8 and change in QoL scores over time
| Independent variables | Outcomes (change in CASP-12 domains) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Self-realization/pleasure | Control/Autonomy | |||
| b (SE) | Wald test of coefficients | b (SE) | Wald test of coefficients | |
| PSWQ-A increase (ref: no increase) | – 0.04*** (0.01) | F (1, 3650) = 0.02, p = 0.876 | – 0.10*** (0.02) | F (1, 3420) = 0.96, p = 0.328 |
| PSWQ-A decrease (ref: no decrease) | 0.05*** (0.01) | 0.08*** (0.01) | ||
| CES-D-8 increase (ref: no increase) | – 0.03 (0.02) | F (1, 3650) = 3.33, p = 0.068 | – 0.03 (0.02) | F (1, 3420) = 0.74, p = 0.390 |
| CES-D-8 decrease (ref: no decrease) | 0.08*** (0.02) | 0.06** (0.02) | ||
| Covariatesa | ✔ | ✔ | ||
| Number of observations | 3668 | 3438 | ||
| R2 | 0.032 | 0.038 | ||
CASP-12 12-item version of the CASP-19 quality of life scale, PSWQ-A abbreviated version of the Penn State Worry Questionnaire, CES-D-8 eight-item Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale
***p < 0.001, **p < 0.01
Results obtained from asymmetric linear FE regressions (displayed as regression coefficients with standard errors in parentheses) and post-estimation Wald tests of the coefficients (b+ = − b−). Listwise deletion was used to handle missing values
aAll models were additionally adjusted for age group, retirement status, marital status, presence of chronic conditions, number of difficulties in activities of daily living, cognitive function, and receipt of antidepressant medication (data for covariates shown in Online Appendix)