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. 2023 May 12;22(4):1253–1266. doi: 10.1007/s10237-023-01715-4

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Fig. 1 — (a) Homogenization over a representative elementary volume (REV) of the vertebra interior (b) Kinematics of a multiphase continuum body with three phases: solid bone (S), bone cement (C), and bone marrow (M)