Fig. 5.

Injection force required to inject cement inside a marrow-saturated foam/vertebra for (a) various Newtonian marrow viscosities and (b) various non-Newtonian marrow viscosities (c) Cement saturation ($s^C$) inside the marrow-saturated foam/vertebra for the cases of Newtonian bone marrow with viscosity ${\mu }^{\mathit{MR}}=1000$ Pa s (left) and ${\mu }^{\mathit{MR}}=0.01$ Pa s (right) (d) Cut section showing viscosity distribution of cement (${\mu }^{\mathit{MR}}$) and marrow (${\mu }^{\mathit{CR}}$) marrow-saturated foam/vertebra for the case of ${\mu }_0^M={10}^3$, ${\mu }_0^M={10}^2$ Pa s