Table 1.
Mean (SD) or count (%) of Objective Physical Activity and Cardiovascular Health (OPACH; n=1277) study baseline (2012–2014) sociodemographic and health-related characteristics across quartiles of steps/day.
| Steps/day quartiles | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | Q1 (≤ 1867) |
Q2 (1868–2809) |
Q3 (2810–4049) |
Q4 (≥ 4050) |
|
| Age, years, mean (SD) | 81.8 (6.2) | 84.2 (5.0) | 83.1 (5.3) | 81.7 (5.9) | 78.7 (6.9) |
| Race and ethnicity, n (%) | |||||
| White | 1133 (88.7) | 258 (88.7) | 292 (89.6) | 292 (89.6) | 291 (87.1) |
| Black | 100 (7.8) | 26 (8.9) | 28 (8.6) | 18 (5.5) | 28 (8.4) |
| Hispanic/Latina | 44 (3.4) | 7 (2.4) | 6 (1.8) | 16 (4.9) | 15 (4.5) |
| Highest education level, n (%) | |||||
| High school or less | 268 (21) | 75 (25.9) | 64 (19.6) | 70 (21.6) | 59 (17.7) |
| Some college | 474 (37.2) | 107 (36.9) | 138 (42.3) | 118 (36.4) | 111 (33.2) |
| College graduate | 532 (41.8) | 108 (37.2) | 124 (38) | 136 (42) | 164 (49.1) |
| Health behavior/status | |||||
| Current smoker, n (%) | 27 (2.1) | 13 (4.5) | 7 (2.1) | 3 (0.9) | 4 (1.2) |
| Alcohol Intake in past 3 months, n (%) | |||||
| Non-drinker | 398 (31.2) | 122 (41.9) | 114 (35) | 81 (24.8) | 81 (24.3) |
| Less than 1 drink per week | 410 (32.1) | 89 (30.6) | 101 (31) | 121 (37.1) | 99 (29.6) |
| 1 or more drinks per week | 378 (29.6) | 48 (16.5) | 89 (27.3) | 103 (31.6) | 138 (41.3) |
| Unknown | 91 (7.1) | 32 (11) | 22 (6.7) | 21 (6.4) | 16 (4.8) |
| Body Mass Index, kg/m2, mean (SD) | 27.6 (5.6) | 28.5 (6.13) | 28.7 (5.92) | 27.4 (5.19) | 25.7 (4.7) |
| Self-rated health | |||||
| Excellent or very Good | 704 (55.2) | 98 (33.8) | 158 (48.5) | 203 (62.3) | 245 (73.4) |
| Good | 484 (37.9) | 156 (53.8) | 147 (45.1) | 102 (31.3) | 79 (23.7) |
| Fair or poor | 88 (6.9) | 36 (12.4) | 21 (6.4) | 21 (6.4) | 10 (3) |
| RAND-36 physical functioning score, mean (SD) | 66.5 (25.1) | 47.7, (25.6) | 60.0 (22.8) | 73.3 (20.2) | 82.4 (17.0) |
| Diabetes, n (%) | 230 (18) | 70 (24.1) | 72 (22.1) | 55 (16.9) | 33 (9.9) |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 906 (70.9) | 238 (81.8) | 250 (76.7) | 227 (69.6) | 191 (57.2) |
| Vision impairment | 82 (7.1) | 21 (8.4) | 17 (5.9) | 23 (7.8) | 21 (6.5) |
| Hearing impairment | 269 (23.2) | 63 (25.2) | 76 (26.3) | 70 (23.6) | 60 (18.7) |
| CVD biomarkers | |||||
| Reynolds risk score, mean (SD) | 14.6 (11.6) | 20.8 (15.1) | 15.6 (10.5) | 14.1 (9.7) | 9.8 (8.3) |
| Systolic Blood Pressure, mean (SD) | 125.8 (14.3) | 128.3 (15.3) | 126.2 (14.1) | 126.5 (14.4) | 122.9 (13.2) |
| Diastolic Blood Pressure, mean (SD) | 72.2 (8.9) | 72.7, (9.6) | 72.2 (8.3) | 72.6 (9.5) | 71.3 (8.2) |
| CRP, mean (SD) | 3.35 (7.8) | 4.13 (12.5) | 4.1 (8.3) | 3.06 (4.4) | 2.39 (4.2) |
| Glucose, mean (SD) | 97.9 (29.4) | 100.7 (35.7) | 98.3 (25.0) | 98.9 (33.9) | 94.5 (21.4) |
| Insulin, mean (SD) | 86.8 (126) | 88.6 (88.6) | 109.6 (212) | 87.8 (93.9) | 65.9 (67.5) |
| Total Cholesterol, mean (SD) | 195.6 (37.9) | 190.3 (38.1) | 192.0 (35.9) | 194.9 (38.3) | 203.4 (38.0) |
| HDL Cholesterol, mean (SD) | 59.84 (15.1) | 56.85 (14.8) | 58.35 (12.8) | 59.2 (14.5) | 64.0 (16.6) |
| LDL Cholesterol, mean (SD) | 113.4 (33.3) | 109.2 (32.5) | 111.3 (31.6) | 112.8 (34.8) | 118.8 (33.2) |
| Triglycerides, mean (SD) | 113.4 (58.6) | 122.4 (64.0) | 112.5 (48.5) | 116.9 (66.3) | 103.8, (52.8) |
| PA intensity and sitting a | |||||
| Light PAa (hour/day), mean (SD) | 4.61 (1.2) | 3.87 (1.0) | 4.35 (1.1) | 4.88 (1.0) | 5.24 (1.1) |
| MVPAa (min/day), mean (SD) | 45.9 (31.4) | 19.8, (13.1) | 32.6 (16.4) | 47.7 (21.1) | 80.0 (31.7) |
| Sitting timea (hour/day), mean (SD) | 10.6 (1.6) | 11.8 (1.37) | 11.1 (1.3) | 10.2 (1.3) | 9.4 (1.4) |
| MSBD (minutes), mean (SD) | 13.6 (5.4) | 17.5 (6.8) | 14.6 (4.6) | 12.1 (3.7) | 10.8 (3.5) |
Abbreviations: CRP=C-reactive protein; MVPA=moderate-to-vigorous physical activity; MSBD=mean sitting bout duration; PA=physical activity; SD=standard deviation
p-value: chi-sq for categorical variables and trend test for continuous
a
Variables are adjusted for accelerometer awake wear time using the residuals method