Table 3.
Factors associated with co-occurrence of hypertension and type 2 diabetes among Haramaya University employees, Eastern Ethiopia, 2019 (n = 1,164).
| Characteristics | Variable | HTN&T2DM co-occurrence | COR (95 % CI) | AOR (95 % CI) | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yes ( n /%) | No ( n /%) | |||||
| Sex | Male | 27 (4.5) | 571 (95.5) | 1 | 1 | |
| Female | 17 (3.0) | 549 (97.0) | 0.65 (0.35–1.21) | 0.52 (0.21–1.27) | 0.150 | |
| Age group | < 45 years | 17 (1.8) | 924 (98.2) | 1 | 1 | |
| ≥45 years | 27 (12.1) | 196 (87.9) | 7.49 (4.00–14.00) | 3.97 (1.80–8.74) | 0.001 | |
| Level of education | ≤ Secondary school | 27 (6.4) | 398 (93.7) | 1 | 1 | |
| College and above | 17 (2.3) | 722 (97.7) | 0.35 (0.19–0.65) | 0.39 (0.17–0.89) | 0.025 | |
| Marital status | Never married | 5 (1.2) | 422 (98.8) | 1 | 1 | |
| Married | 35 (5.3) | 632 (94.7) | 4.67 (1.82–12.03) | 1.44 (0.46–4.53) | 0.553 | |
| Divorced/widowed | 4 (5.7) | 66 (94.3) | 5.12 (1.34–19.54) | 1.67 (0.30–9.42) | 0.560 | |
| Ever cigarette smoking | Non-smoker | 34 (3.3) | 999 (96.7) | 1 | 1 | |
| Smoker | 10 (7.6) | 121 (92.4) | 2.69 (1.35–5.35) | 0.97 (0.39–2.43) | 0.950 | |
| Serving fruits and vegetables per day | None | 20 (29.0) | 49 (71.0) | 1 | 1 | |
| At least once | 24 (2.2) | 1,071 (97.8) | 0.06 (0.03–0.11) | 0.10 (0.04–0.22) | 0.000 | |
| Khat chewing | No | 16(2.1) | 752 (97.9) | 1 | 1 | |
| Yes | 28(7.2) | 368 (92.8) | 3.18 (1.73–5.83) | 2.76 (1.23–6.18) | 0.014 | |
| Body Mass Index | < 25 kg/m2 | 8 (1.1) | 743 (98.9) | 1 | 1 | |
| ≥ 25 kg/m2 | 36 (8.7) | 377 (91.3) | 8.87 (4.08–19.27) | 5.11 (2.06–12.66) | 0.000 | |
| Sedentary behavior | < 8 h per day | 12 (1.3) | 916 (98.7) | 1 | 1 | |
| ≥ 8 h per day | 32 (13.6) | 204 (86.4) | 11.97 (6.06–23.65) | 6.44 (2.89–14.34) | 0.000 | |
| Alcohol consumption | No | 16 (2.7) | 587 (97.3) | 1 | 1 | |
| Yes | 28 (5.0) | 533 (95.0) | 1.93 (0.03–3.60) | 1.30 (0.58–2.88) | 0.521 | |
| Family history of HPN | No | 31 (3.3) | 912 (96.7) | 1 | 1 | |
| Yes | 13(5.9) | 208 (94.1) | 1.84 (0.95–3.58) | 1.47 (0.58–3.70) | 0.418 | |
| Family history of DM | No | 35 (3.3) | 1,040 (96.7) | 1 | 1 | |
| Yes | 9 (10.1) | 80 (89.9) | 3.34 (1.55–7.20) | 1.47 (0.49–4.44) | 0.494 | |