TABLE 1.
List of inhibitors (substrate, intermediate and product analogues) for riboflavin biosynthetic enzymes.
| Enzymes | Inhibitors | References |
|---|---|---|
| 3,4-dihydroxy-2-butanone 4-phosphate synthase (DHBPS) | 4-phosphoerythronohydroxamic acid (4PEH) | Islam et al. (2015) |
| GTP cyclohydrolase II (GCH II) | Phosphomethylphosphonic acid guanylyl ester, GMPCPP | Ren et al. (2005) |
| Pyrimidine deaminase/reductase | Ribose-5-phosphate (RP5) | Stenmark et al. (2007) |
| 5-diamino-6-ribosylamino-2.4(1H,3H)-pyrimidinedione 5′-phosphate (AROPP) | Chen et al. (2009) | |
| Guanosine monophosphate (GMP) | Dawson et al. (2013) | |
| Lumazine synthase (LS) | 1.5,6,7-Tetrahydro-6,7-dioxo-9-day-ribitylaminolumazines bearing alkyl phosphate Substituents (Ribitylamino)uracils bearing fluorosulfonyl, sulfonic Acid, and carboxylic Acid | Cushman et al. (2005) |
| 2,6-dioxo-(1H,3H)-9-N-ribitylpurine | Cushman et al. (1997) | |
| 2,6-dioxo-(1H,3H)-8-aza-9-N-ribitylpurine | Cushman et al. (1998) | |
| 6-(6-D-ribitylamino-2,4-dihydroxypyrimidine-5-yl)-1-hexylphosphonic acid | Cushman et al. (1998) | |
| 9-day-Ribitylamino-1.3,7,9-tetrahydro-2,6,8-purinetriones bearing alkyl phosphate and α,α-difluorophosphonate Substituents | Cushman et al. (1999b) | |
| 6-Carboxyalkyl and 6-phosphonoxyalkyl derivatives of 7-Oxo-8-ribitylaminolumazines | Cushman et al. (2004) | |
| 1,4-bis [1-(9-D-ribityl-1,3,7-trihydropurine-2,6,8-trionyl)]butane | Cushman et al. (2002a) | |
| 5-nitro-6-ribitylamino-2.4-(1H,3H) pyrimidinedione | Cushman et al. (2001) | |
| 1,3,7-Trihydro-9-day-ribityl-2,4,8-purinetrione-7-yl (TS13) | Ritsert et al. (1995) | |
| 3-(1,3-dihydro-9-day-ribityl-2,4,8-purinetrione-7-yl)propane 1-phosphate (TS44) | Morgunova et al. (2007) | |
| 4-(6.7(5H,8H)-dioxo-8-day-ribityllumazine-5-yl)butane 1-phosphate (GJ43) [4-(6-chloro-2,4-dioxo-1,2,3,4 tetrahydropyrimidin-5-yl)butyl] phosphate (JC33) | Morgunova et al. (2007) | |
| 3-Alkyl phosphate derivatives of 4.5,6,7-tetrahydro-1-day-ribityl-1H-pyrazolo [3,4-day]pyrimidinedione | Morgunova et al. (2007) | |
| N-[2,4-dioxo-6-day-ribitylamino-1.2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidin-5-yl]oxalamic acid derivatives | Morgunova et al., 2007 Zhang et al., 2007 Zhang et al., 2008 | |
| Riboflavin synthase (RS) | 1.5,6,7-Tetrahydro-6,7-dioxo-9-day-ribitylaminolumazines bearing alkyl phosphate Substituents | Cushman et al. (2005) |
| Bis(6,7-dimethyl-8-D-ribityllumazines) | Cushman et al. (1999a) | |
| 2,6-dioxo-(1H,3H)-9-N-ribitylpurine | Cushman et al. (1998) | |
| 2,6-dioxo-(1H,3H)-8-aza-9-N-ribitylpurine | Cushman et al. (1998) | |
| 9-day-Ribitylamino-1.3,7,9-tetrahydro-2,6,8-purinetriones bearing alkyl phosphate and α,α-difluorophosphonate Substituents | Cushman et al. (2004) | |
| 5-phosphonoalkyl-6-D-ribitylaminopyrimidinediones (Amide derivatives) | Cushman et al. (2002b) | |
| N-[2,4-dioxo-6-day-ribitylamino-1.2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidin-5-yl]oxalamic acid derivatives | Zhang et al. (2008) |