Table 2.

Perioperative care interventions of included studies.

	Lee et al. (17)	Hughes et al. (18)	Takamoto et al. (19)	Wong-Lun-Hing et al. (20)
Preoperative
Education and counseling	√	√	√
No prolonged starvation	√	√	√
No bowel preparation		√	√
Carbohydrate drink
One-shot prophylactic antibiotics	√	√		√
Prevention of ileus
Intraoperative
Short-acting anesthetics		√		√
Fluid restriction		√	√
Epidural anesthesia	√	√	√
TAP/local wound analgesia
Minimal invasive surgery				√
Keep patient warm	√	√	√	√
Postoperative
No NG tube	√	√		√
Immediate mobilization	√	√	√
Multimodal opioid-sparing analgesia		√
Begin oral food intake on POD 1	√	√		√
Removal of urinary catheter on POD 1				√
Regular laxatives
Discontinuation of IVF		√	√

TAP, transversus abdominis plane, NG, nasogastric, POD, postoperative day, IVF, intravenous fluid.