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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2024 Apr 14.
Published in final edited form as: ACS Infect Dis. 2023 Mar 22;9(4):773–784. doi: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.2c00478

Figure. 1. Fluorescence lifetimes of the lipid order sensitive membrane dye, FLIPPER-TR, in liposomes of defined lipid composition and in HIV pseudovirus particles.

Figure. 1.

Large unilamellar liposomes (LUVs) composed of ternary mixtures of the major lipid components of the HIV envelope in ratios known to exist solely in Lo (35/40/25, SM/chol/POPC), solely Ld (25/5/70, SM/chol/POPC), or as a mixture of Lo and Ld (40/20/40, SM/chol/POPC) phases were used as standards for comparison. LUVs and HIV pseudoviruses were stained with FLIPPER-TR, adhered to a coverslip, and imaged by fluorescence microscopy. The fluorescent puncta were segmented from background by intensity thresholding and the average lifetime of all particles within a field of view are plotted as a point with mean and SD of all data points of identically prepared samples. The mean lifetime in nanoseconds of all data points for a condition is written above each bar. Data are from at least three independent preparations of LUVs and pseudoviruses. Multiple comparisons by Dunnett’s T3 multiple comparisons test: **** p<0.0001, ** p<0.01, * p<0.05, ns not significant.