Table 4.

Secondary causes of osteoporosis.

Endocrine disorders	Acromegaly
	Diabetes mellitus (type 1 and type 2)
	Growth hormone deficiency
	Hypercortisolism
	Hyperparathyroidism
	Hyperthyroidism
	Hypogonadism
Rheumatological disorders	Rheumatoid arthritis
	Ankylosing spondylitis
	Systemic lupus erythematosus
Haematological disorders	Multiple myeloma
	Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance
	Beta thalassemia major
	Systemic mastocytosis
Gastrointestinal disorders	Chronic liver disease
	Inflammatory bowel disease
	Primary biliary cirrhosis
	Malabsorption syndrome
	Post gastric bypass surgery
Neurological disorders	Epilepsy
	Parkinsonism
	Stroke
Nephrological disorders	Idiopathic hypercalciuria
	Chronic kidney disease
	Renal tubular acidosis
Other medical conditions	Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
	Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
	Post-transplantation
	Malnutrition
Genetic disorders	Osteogenesis imperfecta
	Marfan's syndrome
	Ehlers-Danlos syndrome
Medications	Anti-epileptic drugs
	Aromatase inhibitors
	Anticoagulant (heparin, warfarin)
	Immunosuppressant (cyclosporine A, tacrolimus)
	Glucocorticoids
	Gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist
	Medroxyprogesterone acetate
	Pioglitazone
	Proton pump inhibitor
	Selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitor