Table 1.

Calculated and fixed parameters of the model.

Parameter	Value	Description	Source
N	10,370,744	population	(Macrotrends.net, 2022c)
Λ	176 per day	influx rate	(Macrotrends.net, 2022a)
${\mathit{\psi }}_{\mathit{u}}$	2·10−4 per day	rate of vaccination	(govgr)
${\mathit{\sigma }}_{\mathit{\alpha }}$	1 per day	rate at which A are detected and revert to Idclass	assumed
μ	1/(82·365) per day	natural mortality rate	(Macrotrends.net, 2022b)
emask	0.79	efficacy of mask	(Yu Wang et al., 2020)
na	0.76	modification parameter that reduces infectiousness from A	Krieg et al. (2022)
a	0.17	proportion of H that pass away	(ECDC; NPHO)
v	1/140–180 per day	rate at which LS revert to S due to immunity weakens	(Andrews et al., 2022; Chemaitelly et al., 2022; Levin et al., 2021)
${\mathit{\epsilon }}_{\mathit{v}\mathit{a}\mathit{c}}$	0.75 (Delta) 0.7 (Omicron)	effectiveness of vaccines or natural immunity	(Collie et al., 2021; Evans & Jewell, 2021; Kodera et al., 2022; Lopez Bernal et al., 2021; Tregoning et al., 2021)
σu	1/5.8 per day	rate at which E become infectious	Kang et al. (2021)
σh	1/4 per day	rate at which I become H	Zhang et al. (2020)
γα	1/6 per day	recovery rate of A	(Rachaniotis et al., 2021; Sypsa et al., 2021)
γi	1/6 per day	recovery rate of Id	(Rachaniotis et al., 2021; Sypsa et al., 2021)
γi/δi	1/12–18.5 per day	recovery/disease induced death rate of H	Zhao et al. (2021)
p	25%	proportion/probability of quarantined infected that cause secondary attack	Krieg et al. (2022)
l	93% (Delta) 78% (Omicron)	sensitivity of self test diagnosis on asymptomatic individuals	(Bayart et al., 2022; Bekliz et al., 2022; Cocherie et al., 2022; Sun et al., 2022)