Table II.

Studies reporting vestibular contributions in presbystasis.

Author	Sample numerosity	Performed tests	Clinical condition	Results\intervention\conclusions
Tuunainen et al., 2011 34	38	Vestibular tests	Vestibular deficits were present in the large majority of subjects	Progressive loss of balance is a disorder involving vestibular, system, oculomotricity, visual acuity and proprioception
		Mini Mental Scale (MMSE)
Lindell et al., 2021 35	55	Full vestibular testing	Vestibular deficits	40 subjects were fallers, 11 presented a BPPV
Biju et al., 2022 36	-	Full vestibular tests	Comorbidity for Parkinson’s disease	Better semicircular canal function was significantly associated with lower likelihood of falls
Teggi et al., 2017 37	58	Video-head impulse		Decrease of vestibulo-oculomotor reflex gain in the elderly. The decrease of canal function may therefore play a role in the risk of falls in the elderly
Tuunainen et al., 2013 46	55	Rehabilitation	Presbystasis	Reduced risk of falls
Socher et al., 2012 38	12	Rehabilitation	Menière’s disease	Effective in improving quality of life and risk of falls also in subjects over 80
Gomes Patatas et al., 2009 39	22	Rehabilitation	Dizziness	Effective in improving quality of life and risk of falls even in subjects over 80
Brito et al., 2021 41	111 elderly	Rehabilitation	Dizziness	Improve of instability, DHI questionnaire and quality of life
Abasi et al., 2022 42	11 elderly with Parkinson’s disease	Rehabilitation	Dizziness	Positive effects on oculomotor function and balance
Zak et al., 2022 43	Elderly with frailty syndrome fall risk	Rehabilitation with virtual reality	Dizziness	Effective in bringing in desirable therapeutic outcomes
DHI: dizziness-handicap-inventory.