Figure 1.

A. Structure of perfluorooctanoate (PFOA), one of the legacy PFCAs, for which fluorocarbons commonly vary in number from 3 to 11. B. Structure of the (e,p) = (1,1) congener of the novel Cl-PFPECAs, for which perfluoroethyl (e) and perfluoropropyl (p) groups each can vary from 0 to 4.