Table 1.
Characteristics of the study population according to the 3 stance-to-swing ratio groups.
| Characteristic | Total population (n=510) | Stance-to-swing ratio groupa | P valueb | |||||
|
|
|
|
<1.50 | 1.50-1.63 | >1.63 |
|
||
| Participant, n (%) | 510 (100) | 34 (6.7) | 122 (23.9) | 354 (69.4) |
|
|||
| Age (year), mean (SD) | 74.1 (5.6) | 74.1 (5.2) | 73.7 (5.0) | 74.3 (5.8) | .56c | |||
| Sex, n (%) | .57d | |||||||
|
|
Male | 272 (53.3) | 17 (6.3) | 70 (25.7) | 185 (68) |
|
||
|
|
Female | 238 (46.7) | 17 (7.1) | 52 (21.9) | 169 (71) |
|
||
| Education, n (%) | .06d | |||||||
|
|
Less than high school | 259 (50.8) | 13 (5) | 51 (19.7) | 195 (75.3) |
|
||
|
|
High school | 118 (23.1) | 9 (7.6) | 34 (28.8) | 75 (63.6) |
|
||
|
|
College or more | 133 (26.1) | 12 (9) | 37 (27.8) | 84 (63.2) |
|
||
| Smoking status, n (%) | .66d | |||||||
|
|
Current or former smoker | 196 (38.4) | 12 (6.1) | 51 (26) | 133 (67.9) |
|
||
|
|
Never smoker | 314 (61.6) | 22 (7) | 71 (22.6) | 221 (70.4) |
|
||
| Alcohol drinking, n (%) | .12d | |||||||
|
|
Drinker | 308 (60.4) | 18 (5.8) | 83 (27) | 207 (67.2) |
|
||
|
|
Nondrinker | 202 (39.6) | 16 (7.9) | 39 (19.3) | 147 (72.8) |
|
||
| Vigorous intensity exercises for a week, n (%) | .045d | |||||||
|
|
Yes | 101 (19.8) | 12 (11.9) | 26 (25.7) | 63 (62.4) |
|
||
|
|
No | 409 (80.2) | 22 (5.4) | 96 (23.5) | 291 (71.2) |
|
||
| BMI (kg/m2), mean (SD) | 24.9 (3.2) | 24.1 (2.5) | 23.9 (2.9) | 25.4 (3.2) | <.001 | |||
| Gait phase (%), mean (SD) | ||||||||
|
|
Stance | 63.0 (2.1) | 59.0 (1.2) | 61.2 (0.5) | 64.0 (1.6) | <.001c | ||
|
|
Swing | 37.0 (2.1) | 41.0 (1.2) | 38.8 (0.5) | 36.0 (1.6) | <.001c | ||
|
|
Stance-to-swing | 1.7 (0.2) | 1.4 (1.2) | 1.6 (0.03) | 1.8 (0.1) | <.001c | ||
aThe denominators of the percentages in these columns correspond to the n values in the “Total population” column of the same row.
bThe P values are based on chi-square test for categorical variables and one-way ANOVA for numerical variables in the stance-to-swing ratio groups.
cANOVA.
dChi-square test.