Skip to main content
. 2023 Jun 22;8(3):88. doi: 10.3390/jfmk8030088

Table 3.

Perceptional differences between conditions (mean ± SD).

BL PRE IP
RPE (au)
PL Women N/A N/A 8.0 ± 0.6
Men 8.6 ± 0.8
CIT Women 8.1 ± 0.7
Men 8.4 ± 1.0
Session RPE (au)
PL Women N/A N/A 310 ± 61
Men 307 ± 77
CIT Women 320 ± 64
Men 295 ± 76
Focus (au)
PL Women 8.2 ± 2.0 9.9 ± 1.4 * 10.9 ± 1.4 *
Men 9.9 ± 3.5 10.9 ± 3.4 11.4 ± 3.1
CIT Women 8.3 ± 2.0 9.7 ± 1.5 10.2 ± 1.5
Men 9.9 ± 3.3 11.1 ± 2.5 11.9 ± 2.4
Energy (au)
PL Women 8.7 ± 1.6 9 ± 1.1 9.3 ± 2.4
Men 9.1 ± 3.5 10.4 ± 3.3 6.9 ± 4.2
CIT Women 8.0 ± 2.0 9.5 ± 1.3 8.8 ± 2.8
Men 9.2 ± 3.7 9.5 ± 4.4 8.8 ± 3.8
Fatigue (au)
PL $ Women 6.2 ± 1.3 6.2 ± 1.8 8.3 ± 2.8 *,#
Men 3.5 ± 2.4 2.4 ± 2.5 6.2 ± 4.5
CIT Women 5.8 ± 2.8 4.8 ± 2.3 6.9 ± 2.7
Men 3.5 ± 2.7 2.5 ± 2.6 8.9 ± 4.8
Muscle pump (au)
PL Women 5.3 ± 2.8 $ 5.6 ± 3 $ 10 ± 1.9 #
Men 1.5 ± 1.5 1.5 ± 1.7 10.7 ± 2.9 #
CIT Women 5.4 ± 3.3 5.1 ± 3 11 ± 2 #
Men 1.3 ± 1.5 1.5 ± 1.5 11.2 ± 2.9 #

BL = baseline prior to supplementation; PRE = pre-exercise; IP = immediately post exercise; * = Significantly (p < 0.001) different from BL; # = Significantly (p < 0.001) different from PRE; $ = Significantly (p < 0.05) different between men and women; au = arbitrary units.