Table 1.
Comparison of clinicopathologic characteristics according to the MVI group
| Variable | Total (n=506) | No MVI (n=311, 61%) | Mild MVI (n=85, 17%) | Severe MVI (n=110, 22%) | P-value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clinical feature | |||||||
| Age (yr) | 62(55–69) | 63 (56–70) | 60 (52–66) | 63 (54–70) | 0.043* | ||
| Sex (male/female) | 410 (81)/96 (19) | 253 (81)/58 (19) | 66 (78)/19 (22) | 91 (83)/19 (17) | 0.651 | ||
| Etiology | 0.001* | ||||||
| Hepatitis B | 399 (79) | 248 (80) | 70 (82) | 81 (74) | |||
| Hepatitis C | 37 (7) | 14 (5) | 5 (6) | 18 (16) | |||
| Alcohol | 29 (6) | 24 (8) | 2 (2) | 3 (3) | |||
| Unknown | 41 (8) | 25 (8) | 8 (9) | 8 (7) | |||
| Child-Pugh score | 0.316 | ||||||
| 5 | 468 (93) | 292 (94) | 77 (91) | 99 (90) | |||
| 6 | 38 (7) | 19 (6) | 8 (9) | 11 (10) | |||
| Platelet (×109/L) | 166 (133–203) | 166 (130–200) | 172 (141–218) | 158 (139–202) | 0.227 | ||
| PT-INR | 1.04 (0.99–1.09) | 1.04 (1.00–1.09) | 1.05 (1.00–1.10) | 1.03 (0.97–1.09) | 0.092 | ||
| Albumin (g/L) | 4.2 (3.9–4.4) | 4.2 (3.9–4.3) | 4.2 (4.0–4.4) | 4.2 (3.8–4.4) | 0.798 | ||
| Bilirubin (mg/dL) | 0.8 (0.6–1.0) | 0.8 (0.6–1.0) | 0.8 (0.6–1.0) | 0.8 (0.6–1.1) | 0.497 | ||
| AST (U/L) | 32 (24–42) | 31 (23–41) | 29 (23–38) | 36 (27–48) | 0.067 | ||
| ALT (U/L) | 33 (22–47) | 33 (22–47) | 31 (20–45) | 35 (23–48) | 0.499 | ||
| AFP (ng/mL) | 11 (4–115) | 6 (3–41) | 11 (4–96) | 69 (7–1036) | 0.005* | ||
| PIVKA-II (mAU/mL) | 64 (28–357) | 40 (25–154) | 106 (37–498) | 322 (89–1722) | <0.001* | ||
| Pathological finding | |||||||
| Liver cirrhosis | 146 (29) | 93 (30) | 23 (27) | 30 (27) | 0.805 | ||
| Tumor size (cm) | 3.2 (2.2–4.9) | 2.8 (2.0–4.0) | 3.5 (2.5–5.2) | 4.5 (3.0–6.3) | <0.001* | ||
| Tumor differentiation (Edmondson-Steiner grade) | <0.001* | ||||||
| I | 19 (4) | 18 (6) | 1 (1) | 0 | |||
| II | 166 (33) | 125 (40) | 29 (34) | 12 (11) | |||
| III | 217 (43) | 125 (40) | 39 (46) | 53 (48) | |||
| IV | 104 (21) | 43 (14) | 16 (19) | 45 (41) | |||
| Capsule formation | 0.044* | ||||||
| Absent | 122 (24) | 85 (27) | 18 (21) | 19 (17) | |||
| Partial | 212 (42) | 130 (42) | 29 (34) | 53 (48) | |||
| Complete | 172 (34) | 96 (31) | 38 (45) | 38 (35) | |||
| Satellite nodule | 29 (6) | 12 (4) | 2 (2) | 15 (14) | <0.001* | ||
Numbers are presented as medians (interquartile ranges) or values (percentages).
MVI, microvascular invasion; PT-INR, prothrombin time-international normalized ratio; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AFP, alpha fetoprotein; PIVKA-II, prothrombin induced by vitamin K absence-II.
*
Indicates P<0.05.