Table 5.

Prognostic risk factors ^a for xerostomia based on demographic and health behavior variables.

Independent Factors	Categories	OR	95% CI	p-Value
Sex	Male (reference)	1.36	1.21–2.61	<0.001 **
	Female
Age (years)	50–59 (reference)	-	-	-
	60–69	1.51	1.29–1.89	0.019 *
	Over 69	2.31	1.84–2.53	0.026 *
Toothpaste (type 1)	SLS-free (reference)	1.40	0.13–1.67	0.096
	Containing SLS
Toothpaste (type 2)	Spicy herbal extracts-free (ref.)	9.32	3.46–15.25	0.032 *
	Containing spicy herbal extracts
Toothpaste (type 3)	Artificial sweeteners-free (ref.)	0.35	0.02–4.82	0.013 *
	Containing artificial sweeteners
Years since diabetes diagnosis	0–5 (reference)	-	-	-
	6–10	1.08	0.03–1.18	<0.001 **
	Over 10	2.40	0.23–4.68	0.001 *
HbA1c (%)	≤ 6.5 (reference)	-	-	-
	6.6–6.9	5.10	1.05–9.21	<0.001 **
	≥ 7	8.17	2.08–12.34	<0.001 **
Type of denture	None (reference)	-	-	-
	Complete dentures	3.66	1.51–5.96	0.003 *
	Removable partial dentures	8.59	1.60–12.55	0.001 *
	Fixed partial dentures	1.97	1.00–19.95	0.004 *

^a Prognostic risk factors were identified by multiple logistic regression analysis (estimates from multivariate logistic regression analysis including terms for education, systemic diseases other than diabetes, medications, smoking, and alcohol consumption); OR = odds ratio; 95% CI = 95% confidence interval; * p-values were significant (p < 0.05); ** p-values were significant (p < 0.001).