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. 2023 Jun 21;9(3):34. doi: 10.3390/ijns9030034

Table 2.

Average annual decay (+/−95%CI level) 2013–2017.

Amino Acid Model of Decay Mean Annual Decay
Absolute decay (µM) Percentile decay (%)
Alanine Stable between 2017–2016. Linear decay from 2016–2013 22 (14–30) 7 (5–10)
Arginine Cannot be interpreted - -
Asparagine Linear decay 4 (2–6) 13 (7–20)
Aspartate Stable between 2017–2014. Linear decay from 2014–2013 1 (0–2) 3 (0–6)
Citrulline Linear decay 1 (0.3–1.4) 8 (3–14)
Glutamine Exponential decay 2017–2016: 63%
2017–2015: 82%
2017–2014: 91%
2017–2013 92%
Glutamate Non-significant increase 2017–2016 (5%).
Linear decay from 2016–2013
30 (20–40) 9 (6–12)
Glycine Linear decay 36 (31–41) 12 (10–13)
Histidine Cannot be interpreted - -
Isoleucine Stable between 2017–2016. Linear decay from 2016–2013 2 (1.2–2.5) 4 (2–5)
Leucine Linear decay 6 (5–7) 6 (5–7)
Lysine Linear decay 5 (4–6) 15 (12–19)
Methionine Cannot be interpreted - -
Ornithine Linear decay 3 (2–3) 10 (8–13)
Phenylalanine Linear decay 4 (3–4) 7 (6–8)
Proline Stable between 2017–2016. Linear decay from 2016–2013 7 (3–10) 4 (2–6)
Serine Linear decay 18 (15–21) 10 (8–12)
Taurine Linear decay 23 (18–27) 15 (12–19)
Threonine Linear decay 9 (8–10) 8 (7–9)
Tryptophan Linear decay 4 (3–5) 25 (18–32)
Tyrosine Stable between 2017–2016. Linear decay from 2016–2013 4 (2–6) 6 (3–9)
Valine Linear decay 7 (5–10) 5 (3–6)

The model of decay (linear or other) for each AA and both the mean absolute (µM) and percentual annual decay (%), including their 95% confidence intervals are presented. Trends for Arg, His and Met could not be interpreted because many measurements were below the detection limit. Assessment of Asp, Arg, Orn, Gln and Lys was possibly less reliable due to high CVs (indicated in light grey).