Table 1.
Regression modelling results, including slopes, significance levels and E-values for tobacco–cancer relationships.
| Cancer | β-Estimate | Std Error | p-Value | P. Adj. Holm | E-Value Estimate | 95% Lower Bound of E-Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Non-Seminoma | 0.2348 | 0.0233 | 5.36 × 10−12 | 1.34 × 10−10 | 2.10 | 1.92 |
| Cervix | 0.0533 | 0.0022 | 1.01 × 10−112 | 4.15 × 10−111 | 1.40 | 1.37 |
| Lung | 0.0259 | 0.0013 | 3.51 × 10−75 | 1.33 × 10−73 | 1.34 | 1.32 |
| Stomach | 0.0437 | 0.0022 | 8.16 × 10−77 | 3.26 × 10−75 | 1.34 | 1.32 |
| Ovary | 0.0339 | 0.0017 | 3.42 × 10−76 | 1.33 × 10−74 | 1.34 | 1.32 |
| Kidney | 0.0288 | 0.0020 | 3.90 × 10−45 | 1.44 × 10−43 | 1.28 | 1.26 |
| All Cancers nNMSC | 0.0150 | 0.0012 | 1.67 × 10−33 | 5.50 × 10−32 | 1.27 | 1.24 |
| Pancreas | 0.0247 | 0.0019 | 1.19 × 10−38 | 4.16 × 10−37 | 1.27 | 1.24 |
| Corpus Uteri | 0.0350 | 0.0028 | 1.34 × 10−34 | 4.56 × 10−33 | 1.25 | 1.23 |
| Larynx | 0.0202 | 0.0020 | 2.26 × 10−23 | 6.78 × 10−22 | 1.23 | 1.20 |
| Prostate | 0.0188 | 0.0019 | 4.13 × 10−22 | 1.20 × 10−20 | 1.22 | 1.20 |
| Leukaemia | 0.0264 | 0.0030 | 9.97 × 10−18 | 2.79 × 10−16 | 1.21 | 1.18 |
| All Cancers | 0.0132 | 0.0019 | 1.95 × 10−11 | 4.69 × 10−10 | 1.22 | 1.18 |
| Oesophagus | 0.0205 | 0.0024 | 1.24 × 10−16 | 3.34 × 10−15 | 1.20 | 1.17 |
| Seminoma | 0.0128 | 0.0050 | 0.0160 | 0.1437 | 1.38 | 1.15 |
| Breast | 0.0178 | 0.0039 | 4.39 × 10−06 | 7.90 × 10−5 | 1.14 | 1.10 |
| Oropharynx | 0.0213 | 0.0096 | 0.0280 | 0.1894 | 1.16 | 1.05 |
| Leukaemia—Lymphoid | −0.0008 | 0.0028 | 0.7663 | 1.0000 | 1.05 | - |
| Colorectum | −0.0018 | 0.0013 | 0.1638 | 0.6553 | 1.07 | - |
| Brain | −0.0063 | 0.0018 | 5.34 × 10−4 | 0.0080 | 1.12 | - |
| Vulva and Vagina | −0.0059 | 0.0019 | 0.0021 | 0.0256 | 1.14 | - |
| Anus | −0.0055 | 0.0016 | 8.48 × 10−4 | 0.0115 | 1.14 | - |
| Leukaemia—Myeloid | −0.0103 | 0.0046 | 0.0269 | 0.1894 | 1.14 | - |
| Penis | −0.0056 | 0.0017 | 8.22 × 10−4 | 0.0115 | 1.15 | - |
| Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma | −0.0083 | 0.0017 | 1.05 × 10−6 | 1.99 × 10−5 | 1.15 | - |
| Bladder | −0.0104 | 0.0018 | 7.02 × 10−9 | 1.40 × 10−7 | 1.16 | - |
| Gallbladder and Biliary | −0.0108 | 0.0027 | 7.95 × 10−5 | 0.0013 | 1.17 | - |
| Ovarian Dysgerminoma | −0.0014 | 0.0030 | 0.6599 | 1.0000 | 1.17 | - |
| Melanoma | −0.0145 | 0.0022 | 3.22 × 10−11 | 7.40 × 10−10 | 1.18 | - |
| Medulloblastoma | −0.0023 | 0.0054 | 0.6807 | 1.0000 | 1.18 | - |
| Testis | −0.0117 | 0.0018 | 1.98 × 10−10 | 4.35 × 10−9 | 1.21 | - |
| Kaposi | −0.0081 | 0.0044 | 0.0643 | 0.3213 | 1.21 | - |
| Vagina | −0.0064 | 0.0025 | 0.0124 | 0.1243 | 1.22 | - |
| Liver | −0.0192 | 0.0027 | 3.63 × 10−12 | 9.43 × 10−11 | 1.22 | - |
| Oropharynx_Broad | −0.0172 | 0.0038 | 8.05 × 10−6 | 1.37E-04 | 1.22 | - |
| Hepatocellular | −0.0098 | 0.0042 | 0.0237 | 0.1894 | 1.24 | - |
| Mesothelioma | −0.0291 | 0.0097 | 0.0032 | 0.0351 | 1.28 | - |
| Hodgkin’s | −0.0160 | 0.0014 | 2.24 × 10−28 | 6.93 × 10−27 | 1.29 | - |
| Myeloma | −0.0175 | 0.0015 | 1.06 × 10−31 | 3.40 × 10−30 | 1.30 | - |
| Thyroid | −0.0390 | 0.0028 | 2.04 × 10−40 | 7.36 × 10−39 | 1.33 | - |
| Vulva | −0.0309 | 0.0047 | 3.98 × 10−10 | 8.37 × 10−9 | 1.39 | - |
Table key: β-Estimate—estimate of the regression coefficient; Std. Error—standard error of the regression coefficient; p-value—significance level; P. Adj. Holm—p-value adjusted for multiple testing by the method of Holm; E-value—expected value required of some unknown confounder covariate with both the exposure and the outcome to explain the observed effect; lower bound of the E-value—the 95% lower bound of the confidence interval of the E-value.