Table 2.
The role of CD4+ and/or CD8+ TSCM in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases.
| First author (Year) | Patient | HC | Method | Results | Conclusion | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (N) | ||||||
| Hosokawa (2016) | 55 AA | 41 | Flowcytometry | CD8+ TSCM cells in AA > HC | The role of TSCM cells in the regulation of AID pathogenesis | (34) |
| 34 AU | CD8+ TSCM cells in uveitis > HC | |||||
| 43 SLE | CD4+ TSCM cells in SLE > HC | |||||
| 5 SCD | CD8+ TSCM cells in SCD > HC | |||||
| Lee (2018) | 65 SLE | 72 | Flowcytometry qRT-PCR ELISA |
CD4+ and CD8+ TSCM cells in SLE > HC | The role of TSCM cells in the pathogenesis of SLE by maintaining TFH cells | (38) |
| Vignali (2018) | 14 T1D | 16 | Flowcytometry CSFE proliferation assay Confocal microscopy |
Ag-specific CD8+ TSCM cells in T1D > HC | Long-lived autoreactive TSCM cells can be considered as a reservoir of pathogenic effector T cells exacerbating T1D | (25) |
| Fazeli (2022) | 30 T1D | 15 | Flowcytometry | CD4+ TSCM cells in T1D > HC | Regarding the capacities of TSCM cells to create all memory and effector subsets, their high frequency aggravates the disease. | (35) |
| Takeshita (2019) | 311 RA | 73 | Flowcytometry RNA sequencing |
CD4+ and CD8+ TSCM cells in RA > HC | TSCM cells contribute to the RA pathogenesis by producing pathogenic T cells with self-renewal | (40) |
| Cianciotti (2020) | 27 RA | 20 | Flowcytometry HLA-typing |
Cit-vimentin–specific CD4+ TSCM cells in RA > HC | Increased Cit-vimentin–specific CD4+ TSCM cells in RA patients is not exposed to TNF-α blockade and might be involved in the natural history of the disease | (39) |
| Cao (2019) | 20 ITP | 26 | Flowcytometry | CD8+ TSCM cells in ITP > HC | CD8+ TSCM cells cause the disease progression | (41) |
HC, healthy control; AA, acquired aplastic anemia; AU, autoimmune uveitis; SLE, systemic lupus erythematosus; SCD, sickle cell disease; T1D, type 1 diabetes; RA, rheumatoid arthritis; ITP, immune thrombocytopenia; qRT-PCR, quantitative real-time PCR; HLA, human leukocyte antigen; AID, autoimmune disease; TFH, T follicular helper cell; TSCM, T memory stem cell.