Table 1.

Definitions of apathy in Neuro-Cognitive Disorders.

Definition of Apathy in Neuro-Cognitive Disorders
Definition	Components
European Psychiatric Association Diagnostic Criteria for Apathy in Alzheimer’s Disease and other Neuropsychiatric Disorders (2008) [17]	Apathy may be diagnosed if all four criteria are met: Loss of or diminished motivation compared to previous level of function (subjective or objective) The presence of at least one symptom in at least two of three domains of apathy for at least four weeks to include: reduced goal-directed behaviour reduced goal-directed cognitive activity loss of or diminished emotions Symptoms must result in clinically significant impairment Symptoms must not be explained by other possible causes, such as physical disabilities, change in level of consciousness, or the effect of a substance
The International Society for CNS Clinical Trials Methodology (ISCTM) Apathy Work Group Diagnostic Guidelines for Apathy in Neuro-Cognitive Disorders (2021) [9]	Apathy may be diagnosed if all four domains are fulfilled: Primary diagnosis: patient has diagnosis of cognitive impairment or dementia by established criteria Symptoms and duration: must be present for at least four weeks and represents a change from baseline and include two of the following: Reduced initiative (less spontaneity) Reduced interest (less curios or enthusiastic, reduced participation) Diminished emotional expression or responsiveness Symptoms must not be due to other illnesses, disability, related to substances or change in consciousness Symptoms must cause clinically significant impairment in functioning