Table 1.
Study population characteristics by selected quintiles (q1, q3 and q5) of time spent outdoors (hours/day) in the 2017 and 2020 surveys.
| 2017 Survey * | 2020 Survey * | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total N = 991 |
TSOq1 0–1.7 h N = 203 |
TSOq3 2.7–3.7 h N = 209 |
TSOq5 5.1–12 h N = 198 |
Total N = 832 |
TSOq1 0–1 h N = 175 |
TSOq3 1.8–2.6 h N = 168 |
TSOq5 3.9–10.9 h N = 164 |
|
| Age categories | ||||||||
| <25 | 129 (13.0%) | 32 (15.8%) | 30 (14.4%) | 23 (11.6%) | 101 (12.1%) | 27 (15.4%) | 18 (10.1%) | 13 (7.9%) |
| 25–34 | 180 (18.2%) | 48 (23.6%) | 38 (18.2%) | 26 (13.1%) | 149 (17.9%) | 28 (16.0%) | 47 (26.4%) | 21 (12.8%) |
| 35–44 | 231 (23.3%) | 48 (23.6%) | 49 (23.4%) | 46 (23.2%) | 192 (23.1%) | 45 (25.7%) | 41 (23.0%) | 37 (22.6%) |
| 45–54 | 249 (25.1%) | 44 (21.7%) | 53 (25.4%) | 48 (24.2%) | 202 (24.3%) | 47 (26.9%) | 35 (19.7%) | 44 (26.8%) |
| >55 | 202 (20.4%) | 31 (15.3%) | 39 (18.7%) | 55 (27.8%) | 188 (22.6%) | 28 (16.0%) | 37 (20.8%) | 49 (29.9%) |
| Sex | ||||||||
| Female | 504 (50.9%) | 112 (55.2%) | 102 (48.8%) | 88 (44.4%) | 417 (50.1%) | 88 (50.3%) | 99 (55.6%) | 73 (44.5%) |
| Male | 487 (49.1%) | 91 (44.8%) | 107 (51.2%) | 110 (55.6%) | 415 (49.9%) | 87 (49.7%) | 79 (44.4%) | 91 (55.5%) |
| Education Level | ||||||||
| Elementary or high school | 402 (40.6%) | 88 (43.3%) | 71 (34.0%) | 91 (46.0%) | 305 (36.7%) | 66 (37.7%) | 57 (32.0%) | 77 (47.0%) |
| University entry exam (Matura) | 368 (37.1%) | 66 (32.5%) | 84 (40.2%) | 75 (37.9%) | 300 (36.1%) | 65 (37.1%) | 68 (38.2%) | 49 (29.9%) |
| University degree | 221 (22.3%) | 49 (24.1%) | 54 (25.8%) | 32 (16.2%) | 227 (27.3%) | 44 (25.1%) | 53 (29.8%) | 38 (23.2%) |
| Marital status | ||||||||
| Single | 298 (30.1%) | 89 (43.8%) | 59 (28.2%) | 58 (29.3%) | 275 (33.1%) | 74 (42.3%) | 58 (32.6%) | 37 (22.6%) |
| Married/partnership | 568 (57.3%) | 96 (47.3%) | 124 (59.3%) | 114 (57.6%) | 471 (56.6%) | 83 (47.4%) | 100 (56.2%) | 106 (64.6%) |
| Divorced/widowed | 125 (12.6%) | 18 (8.9%) | 26 (12.4%) | 26 (13.1%) | 86 (10.3%) | 18 (10.3%) | 20 (11.2%) | 21 (12.8%) |
| Parents of children <16 yrs | ||||||||
| 0 | 738 (74.5%) | 162 (79.8%) | 148 (70.8%) | 143 (72.2%) | 646 (77.6%) | 148 (84.6%) | 128 (71.9%) | 120 (73.2%) |
| 1 | 135 (13.6%) | 20 (9.9%) | 37 (17.7%) | 28 (14.1%) | 104 (12.5%) | 17 (9.7%) | 31 (17.4%) | 21 (12.8%) |
| 2 | 90 (9.1%) | 18 (8.9%) | 18 (8.6%) | 17 (8.6%) | 63 (7.6%) | 8 (4.6%) | 15 (8.4%) | 15 (9.1%) |
| ≥3 | 28 (2.8%) | 3 (1.5%) | 6 (2.9%) | 10 (5.1%) | 19 (2.3%) | 2 (1.1%) | 4 (2.2%) | 8 (4.9%) |
| Area of residence | ||||||||
| Urban area | 454 (45.8%) | 104 (51.2%) | 95 (45.5%) | 75 (37.9%) | 407 (48.9%) | 115 (65.7%) | 94 (52.8%) | 63 (38.4%) |
| Rural area (<50.000 inhabitants) | 410 (41.4%) | 74 (36.5%) | 89 (42.6%) | 98 (49.5%) | 303 (36.4%) | 44 (25.1%) | 68 (38.2%) | 69 (42.1%) |
| Rural area (>50.000 inhabitants) | 127 (12.8%) | 25 (12.3%) | 25 (12.0%) | 25 (12.6%) | 122 (14.7%) | 16 (9.1%) | 16 (9.0%) | 32 (19.5%) |
| Work status | ||||||||
| Employed full time | 522 (52.7%) | 102 (50.2%) | 119 (56.9%) | 92 (46.5%) | 432 (51.9%) | 71 (40.6%) | 101 (56.7%) | 85 (51.8%) |
| Employed part time | 110 (11.1%) | 27 (13.3%) | 20 (9.6%) | 24 (12.1%) | 106 (12.7%) | 24 (13.7%) | 24 (13.5%) | 23 (14.0%) |
| Retired | 124 (12.5%) | 22 (10.8%) | 19 (9.1%) | 34 (17.2%) | 93 (11.2%) | 23 (13.1%) | 12 (6.7%) | 27 (16.5%) |
| Unemployed | 61 (6.2%) | 12 (5.9%) | 14 (6.7%) | 14 (7.1%) | 74 (8.9%) | 23 (13.1%) | 14 (7.9%) | 17 (10.4%) |
| Other ** | 174 (17.6%) | 40 (19.7%) | 37 (17.7%) | 34 (17.2%) | 127 (15.3%) | 34 (19.4%) | 27 (15.2%) | 12 (7.3%) |
| Night shift work | ||||||||
| Never | 618 (62.4%) | 127 (62.6%) | 134 (64.1%) | 108 (54.5%) | 496 (59.6%) | 88 (50.3%) | 111 (66.1%) | 95 (57.9%) |
| Yes, in the past | 255 (25.7%) | 45 (22.2%) | 56 (26.8%) | 61 (30.8%) | 264 (31.7%) | 72 (41.1%) | 46 (27.4%) | 51 (31.1%) |
| Yes, currently | 52 (5.2%) | 15 (7.4%) | 9 (4.3%) | 15 (7.6%) | 45 (5.4%) | 7 (4.0%) | 7 (4.2%) | 13 (7.9%) |
| Self-estimated health status | ||||||||
| Good or very good | 661 (66.7%) | 120 (59.1%) | 137 (65.6%) | 147 (74.2%) | 628 (75.5%) | 114 (65.1%) | 128 (71.9%) | 133 (81.1%) |
| Intermediate | 266 (26.8%) | 60 (29.6%) | 59 (28.2%) | 41 (20.7%) | 153 (18.4%) | 38 (21.7%) | 39 (21.9%) | 28 (17.1%) |
| Bad or very bad | 64 (6.5%) | 23 (11.3%) | 13 (6.2%) | 10 (5.1%) | 51 (6.1%) | 23 (13.1%) | 11 (6.2%) | 3 (1.8%) |
| Smoking status | ||||||||
| Never | 428 (43.2%) | 105 (51.7%) | 92 (44.0%) | 78 (39.4%) | 371 (44.6%) | 77 (44.0%) | 76 (42.7%) | 62 (37.8%) |
| Former | 269 (27.1%) | 49 (24.1%) | 53 (25.4%) | 67 (33.8%) | 220 (26.4%) | 40 (22.9%) | 44 (24.7%) | 48 (29.3%) |
| Current | 29 (29.7%) | 49 (24.1%) | 64 (30.6%) | 53 (26.8%) | 241 (29.0%) | 58 (33.1%) | 58 (32.6%) | 54 (32.9%) |
| Happiness scale; mean (SD) | 13.6 (3.4) | 12.7 (3.5) | 13.9 (3.2) | 14.2 (3.5) | 13.3 (3.4) | 12.4 (3.4) | 13.3 (3.3) | 13.7 (3.5) |
| Optimism index; mean (SD) | 14.3 (4.5) | 13.0 (4.6) | 14.7 (4.5) | 15.0 (4.6) | 13.9 (4.6) | 12.6 (4.8) | 14.0 (4.1) | 14.2 (4.8) |
| Physical activity; mean (SD) | ||||||||
| Walking (hours/day) | 1.3 (1.8) | 0.8 (1.6) | 1.2 (1.5) | 1.8 (2.4) | 0.8 (1.6) | 0.5 (1.0) | 0.9 (1.6) | 1.2 (2.6) |
| Moderate physical activity (hours/day) | 0.8 (1.6) | 0.5 (1.0) | 0.7 (1.2) | 1.0 (1.7) | ||||
| Vigorous physical activity (hours/day) | 1.0 (1.9) | 0.7 (1.8) | 0.9 (1.7) | 1.1 (1.8) | ||||
| Days per week with an activity (at least 10 min) that increases heart or breathing rate | 3.8 (2.4) | 3.0 (2.1) | 3.9 (2.3) | 4.2 (2.6) | ||||
* 66 (6.7%) missing data entries for 2017; 27 (3.2%) missing data entries for 2020; ** Student/military/community service/unpaid work experience/disabled.