Table 3.

Association of time spent outdoors (TSO; hours/day) and prevalence of adverse sleep outcomes in 2017 and 2020.

	TSO-2017 Continuous OR (95% CI)	TSO-2020 Continuous OR (95% CI)
Chronic Insomnia N (n%)	109 [11.0%]	109 [13.1%]
Age adjusted	1.02 [0.93–1.12]	0.79 [0.69–0.90]
MV adjusted	1.01 [0.92–1.11]	0.82 [0.71–0.94]
MV adjusted + opt. + happy	1.06 [0.96–1.16]	0.85 [0.74–0.98]
MV adjusted + activity	0.98 [0.89–1.07]	0.81 [0.70–0.93]
MV adjusted + health	1.00 [0.92–1.10]	0.89 [0.78–1.03]
Short sleep N (%)	158 [15.9%]	126 [15.1%]
Age adjusted	0.89 [0.82–0.97]	0.86 [0.77–0.97]
MV adjusted	0.88 [0.80–0.96]	0.89 [0.79–1.00]
MV adjusted + opt. + happy	0.89 [0.81–0.97]	0.91 [0.80–1.02]
MV adjusted + activity	0.88 [0.81–0.97]	0.91 [0.81–1.02]
MV adjusted + health	0.90 [0.82–0.98]	0.89 [0.80–1.01]
Late chronotype N (%)	200 [20.2%]	195 [23.4%]
Age adjusted	0.87 [0.81–0.95]	0.86 [0.78–0.95]
MV adjusted	0.87 [0.80–0.95]	0.87 [0.79–0.96]
MV adjusted + opt. + happy	0.88 [0.81–0.96]	0.89 [0.80–0.98]
MV adjusted + activity	0.90 [0.82–0.97]	0.81 [0.70–0.93]
MV adjusted + health	0.88 [0.81–0.96]	0.89 [0.80–0.98]

MV: adjusted for age, gender, education, area, work status, marital status, children < 16 years, smoking status; MV + opt. + happy: additionally adjusted for optimism and happiness; MV + activity: additionally adjusted for daily walking and moderate and vigorous physical activity; MV + health: additionally adjusted for self-estimated health status.