Table 1.
Mean Oral Health Literacy (OHL) domain scores among various sociodemographic characteristics of adult respondents living in Malang City, Indonesia.
| Variables | n (%) | Receptivity | Understanding | Support | Economic Barrier | Access | Communication | Utilization | Oral Health Literacy | OHL Mean ± SD |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | 450 (100%) | 19.40+3.22 | 11.68+3.19 | 11.74+3.18 | 10.62+2.08 | 14.40+4.39 | 24.70+6.46 | 14.44+3.61 | 106.96+20.02 | 3.68+0.69 |
| Age <25 years old |
100 (22.2) | 19.19+3.27 | 11.26+3.47 | 11.27+3.48 | 10.54+2.09 | 14.89+4.47 | 25.97+6.13 | 14.92+3.43 | 108.04+21.00 | 3.72+0.72 |
| 25-50 years old | 260 (57.8) | 19.48+3.13 | 11.74+3.08 | 11.77+3.11 | 10.65+2.08 | 14.17+4.40 | 24.06+6.52 | 14.34+3.59 | 106.20+19.29 | 3.66+0.66 |
| >50 years old | 90 (20.0) | 19.43+3.47 | 11.98+3.19 | 12.17+3.03 | 10.61+2.11 | 14.50+4.31 | 25.13+6.49 | 14.18+3.87 | 108.00+21.09 | 3.72+0.72 |
| p-value | 0.774 | 0.262 | 0.222 | 0.862 | 0.285 | 0.042* | 0.350 | 0.395 | 0.395 | |
| Sex Female | 177 (39.3) | 19.62+3.24 | 11.88+3.14 | 11.93+3.16 | 10.79+2.18 | 14.82+4.43 | 25.51+6.33 | 14.71+3.51 | 109.26+20.69 | 3.76+0.71 |
| Male | 273 (60.7) | 19.27+3.22 | 11.55+3.23 | 11.61+3.20 | 10.50+2.02 | 14.12+4.36 | 24.17+6.51 | 14.26+3.68 | 105.48+19.47 | 3.63± 0.67 |
| p-value | 0.198 | 0.360 | 0.297 | 0.103 | 0.058 | 0.027* | 0.193 | 0.019* | 0.019* | |
| Last education | ||||||||||
| None | 10 (2.2) | 19.30+3.30 | 10.80+3.52 | 10.80+3.52 | 9.60+1.84 | 13.00+5.98 | 22.20+7.24 | 13.10+4.51 | 98.80+19.92 | 3.41+0.68 |
| Elementary School | 148 (32.9) | 19.41+3.13 | 11.79+3.19 | 11.88+3.16 | 10.86+1.90 | 14.50+4.28 | 24.86+6.21 | 14.84+3.46 | 108.14+18.76 | 3.72+0.64 |
| Middle School | 90 (20.0) | 19.64+3.39 | 11.89+3.11 | 11.93+3.11 | 10.63+1.86 | 14.38+4.17 | 24.47+6.75 | 14.42+3.77 | 107.37+20.00 | 3.70+0.68 |
| High School | 156 (34.7) | 19.54+3.06 | 11.70+3.28 | 11.71+3.29 | 10.64+2.21 | 14.68+4.36 | 25.40+6.20 | 14.46+3.51 | 108.13+20.11 | 3.72+0.69 |
| Diploma/undergraduate | >/46 (10.2) | 18.46+3.69 | 11.07+3.02 | 11.20+2.99 | 9.93+2.51 | 13.43+4.91 | 22.83+7.19 | 13.35+3.82 | 100.26+22.70 | 3.45+0.78 |
| postgraduate | ||||||||||
| p-value | 0.414 | 0.521 | 0.556 | 0.120 | 0.626 | 0.188 | 0.132 | 0150 | ||
| Income | ||||||||||
| < Rp. 1.499.999 | 38 (8.4) | 19.74+2.99 | 12.13+3.05 | 12.32+3.01 | 10.89+2.20 | 14.84+4.14 | 25.71+6.20 | 14.97+3.96 | 110.61+20.65 | 3.81+0.71 |
| Rp. 1.500.000-2.499.999 | 235 (52.2) | 19.44+3.11 | 11.71+3.09 | 11.72+3.11 | 10.59+2.11 | 14.46+4.35 | 25.12+6.60 | 14.57+3.61 | 107.61+20.29 | 3.71+0.69 |
| Rp. 2.500.000-3.499.999 | 153(34.0) | 19.37+3.49 | 11.64+3.41 | 11.73+3.36 | 10.67+2.07 | 14.30+4.64 | 24.29+6.48 | 14.24+3.45 | 106.24+19.91 | 3.66+0.68 |
| >Rp. 3.500.000 | 24 (5.3) | 18.75+3.04 | 11.00+3.02 | 11.00+3.02 | 10.08+1.67 | 13.63+3.74 | 21.58+4.44 | 13.50 4.17 | 99.54+15.61 | 3.42+0.53 |
| p-value | 0.732 | 0.606 | 0.450 | 0.345 | 0.613 | 0.019* | 0.225 | 0.077 |
*significant at p-value <0.05.