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. 2023 Jul 11;14:1199294. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1199294

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Copyright © 2023 Abdelwahab, Negm, Mahmoud, Salama, Schaalan, El-Sheikh and Ramadan.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Relative protein expression levels and representative Western blot of (A) apelin-13, (B) apelin receptor (APJ), (C) phosphorylated AMP-activated protein kinase (p-AMPK) (Thr172), (D) phosphorylated forkhead box O3 a (p-FOXO3a) (Ser574), (E) cytosolic nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), and (F) nuclear Nrf2 in the cardiac tissues of CAFD-fed rats treated with flaxseed lignan extract (FLE). Values are presented as the mean ± SD (n = 6 per group; one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s multiple comparison test; ^* p < 0.05, ^** p < 0.01, ^**** p < 0.0001).