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. 2023 Jul 11;14:1199294. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1199294

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Copyright © 2023 Abdelwahab, Negm, Mahmoud, Salama, Schaalan, El-Sheikh and Ramadan.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Photomicrographs of (A) Masson’s trichrome- and (B) Periodic acid–Schiff (PAS)-stained sections of cardiac muscles, (C) collagen area percentage, and (D) optical density (O.D.) of PAS reaction in rat groups. Masson’s trichrome and PAS; X200. Black arrows: collagen fibers. Blue arrows: positive reaction to the PAS stain. Data are presented as the mean ± SD (n = 6 per group; one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s multiple comparison test; ^*** p < 0.001, ^**** p < 0.0001). CAFD, cafeteria diet; FLE, flaxseed lignan extract, F13A; an apelin-13 receptor blocker.