Figure 3.

Confocal microscopy and invasive capacities of fluorescent K1F derivatives in human cells. Cells were infected with 1 × 10⁸ PFU phage for 1 h and then fixed and stained with phalloidin to visualize the cytoskeleton. (A–C) Invasion of K1F-GFP in (A) T24 bladder epithelial cells; (B) hCMECs; (C) AI001-F-DT fibroblasts. (D–F) Invasion of K1F-GFP-EGF in (D) T24; (E) hCMECS; (F) A1001-F-DT fibroblasts. (G) Transfection efficacies of the two phage variants in the cell lines. Quantification was performed on 30 field-of-view images for n = 3 experiments. At least 250 cells were enumerated for each cell line per replicate. A two-way ANOVA was performed with post-hoc Tukey tests to probe for significance between groups.