. 2019 Sep 18;17(3):1474704919875948. doi: 10.1177/1474704919875948

Table F1.

Associations Between Grandparenthood and Four Dimensions of Quality of Life (Within-Person Models).

	Control				Autonomy				Pleasure				Self-realization
	Coefficient	SE	95% CI		Coefficient	SE	95% CI		Coefficient	SE	95% CI		Coefficient	SE	95% CI
	Coefficient	SE	Lower	Upper	Coefficient	SE	Lower	Upper	Coefficient	SE	Lower	Upper	Coefficient	SE	Lower	Upper
Grandparenthood status
Women
Children but no grandchildren	Ref				Ref				Ref				Ref
Both children and grandchildren	.04	.02	−.01	.08	.01	.02	−.03	.04	.01	.02	−.02	.05	.05*	.02	.01	.09
Men
Children but no grandchildren	Ref				Ref				Ref				Ref
Both children and grandchildren	.02	.02	−.03	.07	−.01	.02	−.05	.03	.03	.02	−.01	.06	.06**	.02	.01	.10

Note. CI = confidence interval; ref = reference.

*p < .05. **p < .01. ***p < .001.