Table 2.
IET in patients with positive bacterial cultures by ABR status. Observed data are presented as n IET admissions/N admissions with positive cultures (%). P values compare the bivariate statistical difference among IET rates across ABR groups (all, ABR, and MDR)
| Characteristic | All positive cultures | ABR-positive cultures | MDR-positive cultures | P value across groups |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall IET | 56,733/278,344 (20.4%) | 32,561/93,252 (34.9%) | 17,554/39,000 (45.0%) | < 0.001 |
| Source | ||||
| Respiratory | 6,400/20,598 (31.1%) | 4,111/9,217 (44.6%) | 2,238/4,439 (50.4%) | < 0.001 |
| Intraabdominal | 936/3,021 (31.0%) | 444/996 (44.6%) | 219/411 (53.3%) | < 0.001 |
| Other | 1,258/4,490 (28.0%) | 678/1,656 (40.9%) | 321/692 (46.4%) | < 0.001 |
| Skin | 10,117/39,014 (25.9%) | 5,624/13,120 (42.9%) | 2,900/6,404 (45.3%) | < 0.001 |
| Multiple | 701/2,900 (24.2%) | 629/1,723 (36.5%) | 334/788 (42.4%) | < 0.001 |
| Urine | 31,453/161,874 (19.4%) | 17,981/54,502 (33.0%) | 9,343/19,588 (47.7%) | < 0.001 |
| Blood | 5,868/46,447 (12.6%) | 3,094/12,038 (25.7%) | 2,199/6,678 (32.9%) | < 0.001 |
| Onset | ||||
| Hospital | 11,679/42,344 (27.6%) | 6,716/15,224 (44.1%) | 4,353/9,509 (45.8%) | < 0.001 |
| Community | 45,054/236,000 (19.1%) | 25,845/78,028 (33.1%) | 13,201/29,491 (44.8%) | < 0.001 |
| Pathogen type | ||||
| Both gram negative and gram positive | 8,835/19,650 (45.0%) | 5,468/11,101 (49.3%) | 2,861/5,912 (48.4%) | < 0.001 |
| Gram positive | 20,177/71,269 (28.3%) | 9,455/19,955 (47.4%) | 3,536/7,728 (45.8%) | < 0.001 |
| Gram negative | 45,391/226,725 (20.0%) | 28,574/84,398 (33.9%) | 11,157/25,360 (44.0%) | < 0.001 |
| Specific pathogen | ||||
| S. maltophilia or Acinetobacter complex | 1,502/2,311 (65.0%) | 780/1,124 (69.4%) | 573/834 (68.7%) | < 0.001 |
| Multiple bacterial pathogens | 12,086/26,904 (44.9%) | 7,697/15,470 (49.8%) | 4,039/8,126 (49.7%) | < 0.001 |
| Enterococcus spp. | 8,740/20,821 (42.0%) | 2,595/4,346 (59.7%) | 2,406/3,956 (60.8%) | < 0.001 |
| P. aeruginosa | 6,795/18,446 (36.8%) | 3,224/6,922 (46.6%) | 1,448/2,538 (57.1%) | < 0.001 |
| Enterobacterales | 25,415/180,450 (14.1%) | 17,151/61,709 (27.8%) | 8,164/20,432 (40.0%) | < 0.001 |
| S.aureus or S. pneumoniae | 2,195/29,412 (7.5%) | 1,114/3,681 (30.3%) | 924/3,114 (29.7%) | < 0.001 |
Definitions: ABR = antibiotic resistant; IET = inadequate empiric therapy; MDR = multidrug resistant