Skip to main content
. 2023 Jul 24;21:267. doi: 10.1186/s12916-023-02922-7

Table 1.

Clinical characteristics of HFrEF, HFmrEF, and HFpEF cohorts. Descriptive statistics of HFrEF, HFmrEF and HFpEF cohorts. F female, m male, BMI body mass index, BP blood pressure, LDL low-density lipoprotein, HDL high-density lipoprotein, ICD implantable cardioverter defibrillator, PCI percutaneous coronary intervention, NT-BNP N-terminal pro b-type natriuretic peptide. All numerical values are median (IQR), Elixhauser index is mean (SD)

HF subtypes
Variable N Overall HFpEF HFmrEF HFrEF p-value* p-value+
(N = 17,665) (N = 8062) (N = 3018) (N = 6585)
Sex 17,617  < 0.001  < 0.001
 Female 5247 (30%) 2822 (35%) 790 (26%) 1635 (25%)
 Male 12,370 (70%) 5228 (65%) 2218 (74%) 4924 (75%)
Age (years) 17,665 70 (60, 78) 70 (61, 78) 70 (59, 77) 70 (60, 78) 0.093 0.5
BMI 9132 26.8 (24.2, 30.0) 26.8 (24.2, 30.0) 26.9 (24.2, 29,9) 26.5 (24.1, 30.1) 0.08 0.9
Systolic BP (mmHg) 5146 148 (134, 160) 150 (139, 164) 148 (135, 160) 140 (127, 154)  < 0.001  < 0.001
Diastolic BP (mmHg) 5146 84 (76, 92) 85 (78, 93) 84 (76, 93) 82 (73, 90)  < 0.001  < 0.001
LDL (mg/dL) 12,270 87 (69, 110) 88 (69, 110) 91 (72, 113) 84 (67, 106)  < 0.001  < 0.001
HDL (mg/dL) 12,368 44 (36, 54) 46 (38, 56) 43 (36, 53) 40 (34, 50)  < 0.001  < 0.001
Triglycerides (mg/dL) 13,859 112 (85, 153) 112 (85, 151) 112 (85, 156) 113 (85, 156) 0.11 0.006
Cholesterol (mg/dL) 13,577 160 (135, 188) 163 (138, 190) 164 (140, 192) 153 (129, 183)  < 0.001  < 0.001
N PheCodes 17,665 13 (8, 21) 13 (9,21) 12 (7, 19) 14 (9, 22)  < 0.001 0.088
Elixhauser Index 17,665 5.39 (2.72) 5.36 (2.68) 5.09 (2.70) 5.56 (2.76)  < 0.001  < 0.001
Intubated 17,665 1766 (10.0%) 552 (6.8) 257 (8.5%) 957 (15%)  < 0.001  < 0.001
ICD Implantation 17,665 3213 (18%) 1007 (12%) 468 (16%) 1738 (26%)  < 0.001  < 0.001
PCI 17,665 9116 (52%) 4267 (53%) 1554 (51%) 3295 (50%) 0.002  < 0.001
log (NT-BNP) 6169 2.99 (2.45, 3.53) 3.07 (2.53, 3.55) 3.07 (2.53, 3.55) 3.45 (2.96, 3.88)  < 0.001  < 0.001

All continuous values displayed as median (IQR) except for Elixhauser index which is mean (SD). All dichotomous values displayed as N (%)

*Kruskal–Wallis p-value across all subtypes

+Wilcoxon–rank sum or chi-squared p-value for HFpEF vs HFrEF