Table 1.
Demographic Information Collected from the Participants
| Characteristic | Adult with tics (n = 33) | YP with tics (n = 94) | Combined (n = 127) |
|---|---|---|---|
| UK location, n (%) | |||
| England | 25 (75.8) | 74 (78.7) | 99 (78.0) |
| Wales | 3 (9.1) | 13 (13.8) | 16 (12.6) |
| Scotland | 5 (15.2) | 5 (5.3) | 10 (7.9) |
| Northern Ireland | 0 | 2 (2.1) | 2 (1.6) |
| Gender, n (%) | |||
| Man/Boy | 10 (30.3) | 51 (54.3) | 61 (48.0) |
| Woman/Girl | 20 (60.6) | 42 (44.7) | 62 (48.9) |
| Non-binary | 3 (9.1) | 1 (1.1) | 4 (3.1) |
| Ethnicity, n (%) | |||
| White | 33 (100) | 86 (91.5) | 119 (93.7) |
| Mixed or multiple ethnic groups | 0 | 7 (7.4) | 7 (5.5) |
| Asian or Asian British | 0 | 1 (1.1) | 1 (0.8) |
| Tic Diagnosis, n (%) | |||
| TS | 23 (69.7) | 41 (43.6) | 64 (50.4) |
| CTD | 0 | 3 (3.2) | 3 (2.4) |
| PTD | 0 | 3 (3.2) | 3 (2.4) |
| FND (functional tics) | 1 (3.0) | 1 (1.1) | 2 (1.6) |
| Co-morbidity (may be more than one condition per participant), n (%) | 31 (94.0) | 58 (61.7) | 89 (70.1) |
| Anxiety | 24 (72.7) | 31 (33.0) | 55 (43.3) |
| OCD | 14 (42.4) | 22 (23.4) | 36 (28.3) |
| Autism | 8 (24.2) | 20 (21.3) | 28 (22.0) |
| ADHD | 7 (21.2) | 14 (14.9) | 21 (16.5) |
| ID | 1 (3.0) | 8 (8.5) | 9 (7.1) |
| Depression | 17 (51.5) | 2 (2.1) | 19 (15.0) |
YP = young people; TS = Tourette syndrome; CTD = chronic tic disorder; PTD = provisional tic disorder; FND = functional neurological disorder; OCD = obsessive compulsive disorder; ADHD = attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder; ID = intellectual disability