Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of enrolled individuals from NHANES 2011–2018
| SII | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variables | Overall | Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | P-value |
| n | 10,367 | 2592 | 2592 | 2591 | 2592 | |
| Age, y | 39.39(0.25) | 39.02(0.42) | 38.89(0.36) | 39.64(0.34) | 39.94(0.43) | 0.002 |
| Sex-Male, n (%) | 5097(49.17) | 1485(58.50) | 1325(53.01) | 1251(49.32) | 1036(40.68) | < 0.0001 |
| Race, n (%) | < 0.0001 | |||||
| Non-Hispanic White | 3597(34.7) | 640(52.71) | 910(61.77) | 1005(64.47) | 1042(64.96) | |
| Non-Hispanic Black | 2150(20.74) | 851(19.48) | 505(10.20) | 385( 7.66) | 409( 8.15) | |
| Mexican American | 1563(15.08) | 340(10.01) | 404(10.81) | 396(10.27) | 423(11.28) | |
| Other | 3057(29.49) | 761(17.80) | 773(17.22) | 805(17.61) | 718(15.62) | |
| Smoking, n (%) | 0.01 | |||||
| Former | 1727(16.67) | 417(19.68) | 459(20.84) | 412(18.03) | 439(19.17) | |
| Never | 6318(60.97) | 1628(60.36) | 1613(60.12) | 1588(59.20) | 1489(56.44) | |
| Now | 2318(22.37) | 547(19.96) | 517(19.04) | 590(22.77) | 664(24.38) | |
| Drinking, n (%) | 0.02 | |||||
| Former | 863(9.13) | 206(7.81) | 202(7.13) | 214(8.55) | 241(9.67) | |
| Never | 1261(13.35) | 332(10.67) | 332(10.16) | 293( 9.18) | 304(10.13) | |
| Mild | 3122(33.04) | 845(36.57) | 796(36.03) | 759(32.76) | 722(31.50) | |
| Moderate | 1760(18.63) | 395(18.38) | 435(20.97) | 469(21.90) | 461(19.64) | |
| Heavy | 2442(25.85) | 590(26.56) | 591(25.71) | 616(27.61) | 645(29.06) | |
| Diabetes, n (%) | 1185(11.43) | 254( 7.22) | 283( 8.07) | 298( 9.46) | 350(10.67) | 0.001 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 2938(28.34) | 687(24.62) | 690(25.49) | 756(27.49) | 805(30.66) | 0.01 |
| Stroke, n (%) | 154(1.49) | 23(0.68) | 44(1.28) | 29(0.85) | 58(1.78) | 0.01 |
| Congestive Heart Failure, n (%) | 101(0.97) | 20(0.43) | 23(0.70) | 21(0.57) | 37(1.18) | 0.02 |
| COPD, n(%) | 209(2.02) | 44(1.90) | 43(1.56) | 47(2.22) | 75(3.05) | 0.09 |
| CKD, n(%) | 943(9.25) | 192( 6.84) | 205( 7.02) | 227( 7.07) | 319(10.44) | < 0.001 |
| Cancer, n (%) | 381(3.68) | 75(4.29) | 102(5.00) | 95(4.98) | 109(5.26) | 0.73 |
| osteoporosis | 153(7.68) | 30(4.03) | 47(8.17) | 42(8.08) | 34(6.74) | 0.46 |
| osteoarthritis | 530(5.31) | 113(4.96) | 128(6.92) | 118(5.35) | 171(7.99) | 0.003 |
| BMI, (kg/m2) | 28.69(0.13) | 27.54(0.18) | 28.07(0.20) | 29.23(0.20) | 29.75(0.18) | < 0.0001 |
| White blood cell, k/µL | 7.32(0.04) | 6.07(0.06) | 6.80(0.05) | 7.50(0.07) | 8.73(0.07) | < 0.0001 |
| Platelets, k/µL | 242.38(1.03) | 204.87( 1.27) | 228.58( 1.18) | 249.81( 1.36) | 280.98( 1.58) | < 0.0001 |
| Neutrophils, k/µL | 4.31(0.03) | 2.89(0.03) | 3.77(0.03) | 4.51(0.04) | 5.89(0.06) | < 0.0001 |
| Lymphocytes, k/µL | 2.21(0.01) | 2.45(0.03) | 2.26(0.02) | 2.18(0.02) | 1.98(0.02) | < 0.0001 |
| HbA1c (%) | 5.52(0.01) | 5.50(0.02) | 5.50(0.03) | 5.54(0.02) | 5.54(0.02) | 0.3 |
| Glucose, mg/dL | 104.48(0.61) | 102.50(0.95) | 103.76(1.04) | 105.54(1.40) | 106.36(1.01) | 0.03 |
| ALT (IU/L) | 25.95(0.25) | 26.63(0.63) | 26.50(0.44) | 26.25(0.53) | 24.52(0.40) | 0.01 |
| AST (IU/L) | 25.10(0.21) | 26.22(0.51) | 25.22(0.42) | 24.69(0.34) | 24.41(0.47) | 0.16 |
| Sarcopenia, n (%) | 909(8.77) | 164( 5.50) | 202( 5.65) | 240( 7.80) | 303(10.09) | < 0.0001 |