Table 1.

A comparison study of pure culture and co-culture for electrofermentation system on L-lactic acid and bioelectricity production.

Electroactive bacteria strain	Biomass/Anolyte	Working potentiala (V)	Redox mediator	Intended product		References
				L-lactic acid (g/L)	Bioelectricity
Pure culture approach
Shewanella oneidensis	Glucose	−0.30	Riboflavin	-	138,181b	[102]
Lactiplantibacillus plantarum	Kale hydrolysate	0.20	-	1.13	752.14b	[97]
Lactococcus lactis	Glucose	0.35	-	-	212.00c	[73]
Bacillus subtilis	Pharmaceutical residual water	0.20	-	-	105.00c	[108]
Lactobacillus pentosus	Diary whey	0.55	Yeast extract	-	5.04c	[109]
Clostridium cochlearium	Glucose	0.19	Thiamine Riboflavin	-	5,300.00b	[103]
Bacillus megaterium	Activated sludge from wastewater with acetate	0.40	Exogenetic flavins	-	170.00c	[110]
Shewanella oneidensis	Sodium lactate	0.20	-	-	89.40c	[111]
Shewanella oneidensis	Bamboo fermentation effluent	0.30	-	-	578.00c	[112]
Lactobacillus bulgaricus	Diary whey	0.20	-	19.50	288.12c	[113]
Bacillus tequilensis	Glucose	0.17	-	-	407.96c	[114]
Geobacter sulfurreducens	Cellulose	0.30	-	-	1146.00c	[115]
Co-culture approach
dBacillus subtiliseSaccharomyces cerevisiae	Glucose	0.50	-	-	602.00b	[116]
dLactococcus latiseLactobacillus acidophilus	Glucose	0.20	-	-	415.00c	[117]
dBacillus tequilensis ePseudomonas aeruginosa	Glucose	0.17	-	-	8,159.27c	[114]
dShewanella oneidensiseEngineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae	Glucose	0.20	-	7.50	123.41c	[118]
dShewanella oneidensiseKlebsiella pneumonae	Glycerol	0.15	-	-	10.00b	[119]

^aWorking potential: working electrode potential versus standard hydrogen electrode (SHE) potential.

^bElectric output in terms of current density with SI unit mA/m².

^cElectric output in terms of power density with SI unit mW/m².

^dMain electroactive bacteria strain.

^eSupplementary electroactive bacteria strain.