Table II.
Comparison between participants with improved Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score changed by ≥ 4 and those without
| MMSE change ≤ 3 (n = 54) | MMSE change ≥ 4 (n = 50) | Total (n = 104) | p-values | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years, mean (SD) | 77.2 (10.0) | 72.6 (12.8) | 74.9 (11.6) | 0.054 |
| Sex, male/female, n | 25/29 | 22/28 | 47/57 | 0.814 |
| Type of stroke, infarction/haemorrhage/subarachnoid haemorrhage, n | 37/13/4 | 33/10/7 | 70/23/11 | 0.558 |
| Past history of stroke, nn (%) | 16 (29.6) | 13 (26.0) | 29 (27.9) | 0.680 |
| Past history of dementia, n (%) | 9 (16.7) | 6 (12) | 15 (14.4) | 0.499 |
| Duration from stroke onset to admission, days, median (min–max) | 39 (14–58) | 36.0 (15–60) | 37.5 (14–60) | 0.344 |
| Length of stay in the rehabilitation hospital, days, median (min–max) | 91.5 (10–179) | 98.0 (11–177) | 96.0 (10–179) | 0.290 |
| MMSE, median (IQR) | ||||
| Admission | 20 (16.75–22) | 19 (13.75–21) | 19 (15–22) | < 0.019 |
| Discharge | 20.5 (18–23) | 24 (19–27) | 22 (18–25) | < 0.001 |
| Difference | 1 (0–2) | 5.5 (4–7) | 3 (1–5) | < 0.001 |
| Patients with MMSE ≥24 at discharge, n (%) | 10 (19) | 30 (60) | 40 (38.5) | < 0.001 |
| FIM, median (IQR) | ||||
| Motor domain | ||||
| Admission | 33.5 (21.75–48.25) | 37 (24–57) | 34.5 (24–54) | 0.369 |
| Discharge | 58 (40.25–77) | 74 (56–84.25) | 67 (47.5–81) | 0.008 |
| Efficiency | 0.26 (0.11–0.39) | 0.28 (0.20–0.37) | 0.28 (0.15–0.37) | 0.216 |
| Cognitive domain | ||||
| Admission | 19 (14.75–24) | 18 (15–24) | 19 (15–24) | 0.797 |
| Discharge | 22 (17.75–28.25) | 25 (19–29.25) | 24 (18–28.75) | 0.207 |
| Efficiency | 0.02 (0.00–0.06) | 0.05 (0.02–0.09) | 0.03 (0.00–0.07) | 0.026 |
| Total | ||||
| Admission | 52.5 (37.5–74.3) | 54 (42–79) | 53 (40–76) | 0.464 |
| Discharge | 81 (59.3–100) | 98 (74.75–109.25) | 67 (48.5–81) | 0.014 |
| Efficiency | 0.27 (0.12–0.43) | 0.34 (0.22–0.43) | 0.31 (0.19–0.43) | 0.068 |
SD: standard deviation; FIM: Functional Independence Measure; IQR: interquartile range.