Fig. 16. (a) Illustrative depiction of the produced thin-film assembly and SEM image with EDS plotting of the cross-section of ITO/PCBM:C60:PFN (approx 120 nm). (b) Symbolic drawing of vertical phase parting in the ternary PCBM:C60:PFN and molecular structure of PFN. (c) Energy figure, and (d) SEM image showing the side view of the established device (reproduced with permission from ref. 159. Copyright 2018 RSC).
