Table 1.

A variety of recommended sample sizes for factor analyses

A variety of recommended sample sizes for factor analyses
Of sample size
50	Barrett and Kline (1981)
100	Gorsuch (1983), Kline (1994)
≥150	Hutcheson and N. (1999)
≥150 - ≤180	Mundfrom et al. (2005)
200	Guilford (1954)
≥200	Hair et al. (2010)
250	Cattell (1978)
200 – 300	Guadagnoli and Velicer (1988), Comrey (1988)
300	Clark and Watson (2016)
400	Aleamoni (1976)
100 - >1000	Mundfrom et al. (2005)
50 = very poor, 100 = poor, 200 = fair, 300 = good, 500 = very good, ≥1,000 = excellent	Comrey and Lee (1992)
Of item to response ratio (p: N)
1:3 to 1:6	Cattell (1978)
1:4	Rummel (1988)
1:5	Gorsuch (1983), Hatcher (1994)
1:10	Nunnally (1978), Everitt (1975), Watson and Thompson (2006)
1:3 to 1:20	Mundfrom et al. (2005)
Of estimated parameter to sample size ratio (q: N)
1: 5 to 1:10	Bentler and Chou (1987)
1:10	Jackson (2003)
1: 5 to 1:20	Kline (2015)