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. 2023 Jul 7;5(15):3834–3856. doi: 10.1039/d3na00198a

Cationic lipid modification.

Target organ/cells Chemical synthesis strategy Targeting strategy Diseases Reference
B lymphocytes in the spleen EDC coupling OF-Deg-Lin X 67
T lymphocytes in the spleen EDC coupling 11-A-M (constrained) X 68
Albumin associated micropinocytosis and endocytosis EDCI Alkyne (unsaturated) and ester groups into the lipid tails of Dlin-MC3-DMA X 89
Macrophages containing antimicrobial peptides linked to cathepsin B in the lysosomes (MACs) NaBH(OAc)3 Vitamin C Sepsis 70
Spleen NABH4 tB-UC18 [3,5-bis-(1-octadec-9-enylamino-methyl)-benzyl]-octadec-9-enyl-amine X 87
Unsaturation
Liver Sequential Unsaturated thiol conjugated lipids promote endosomal escape X 88
Synthesis
STING pathway immune cells Amine/isocyanide/ketone of 1 : 1 : 1 Unsaturated lipid tail, a dihydroimidazole linker and cyclic amine head groups containing lipids (activation of the STING pathway) Tumor (melanoma and HPV E7) 69
Lung Michael addition reaction (amine and acrylate) Lipids containing an amide bond in the tail Tuberous sclerosis complex 71
Fetal liver Michael addition (the polyamine cores and lipid epoxide) Polyamines with epoxide terminated alkyl tails X 72
APCs in lymph nodes Michael addition (amine-bearing head and an acryloyl group containing aliphatic chain) Combination of lipids Melanoma 90