TABLE 1.

Antimalarial effect of ivermectin and its metabolites on asexual blood stages of P. falciparum^a

Parasite	Pfk13 mutation	Ivermectin	Ivermectin aglycone	Ivermectin monosaccharide	3″-O-demethyl ivermectin (M1)	4-hydroxymethyl ivermectin (M3)	3″-O-demethyl, 4-hydroxymethyl ivermectin (M6)
Laboratory strain
NF54	Wild type	0.63 (0.46 to 0.80)	2.55 (1.91 to 3.18)	1.88 (1.39 to 2.38)	1.99 (1.69 to 2.29)	1.68 (1.22 to 2.14)	2.57 (2.02 to 3.13)
Artemisinin-sensitive isolates
ARN3G	Wild type	0.85 (0.55 to 1.10)	2.72 (2.56 to 2.87)	1.97 (1.56 to 2.39)	1.91 (1.78 to 2.05)	2.33 (1.78 to 2.87)	2.80 (2.42 to 3.18)
ARK1G	Wild type	0.76 (0.49 to 1.00)	2.79 (2.14 to 3.43)	2.14 (1.71 to 2.57)	2.02 (1.47 to 2.57)	1.82 (1.61 to 2.02)	2.35 (2.28 to 2.43)
Mean of all artemisinin-sensitive isolates (n = 2)		0.81 (0.67 to 0.95)	2.75 (2.57 to 2.93)	2.06 (1.87 to 2.24)	1.97 (1.80 to 2.13)	2.07 (1.74 to 2.41)	2.58 (2.30 to 2.86)
Artemisinin-resistant isolates
APL4G	C580Y	0.74 (0.66 to 0.81)	3.02 (2.46 to 3.58)	2.01 (1.57 to 2.45)	2.03 (1.65 to 2.41)	1.98 (1.75 to 2.20)	2.66 (2.32 to 3.00)
APL5G	C580Y	0.76 (0.47 to 1.10)	4.23 (2.07 to 6.40)	2.97 (1.89 to 4.06)	1.91 (1.60 to 2.23)	2.20 (1.46 to 2.94)	2.85 (1.85 to 3.84)
APS2G	R539T	1.06 (0.87 to 1.20)	3.80 (3.53 to 4.06)	3.13 (3.04 to 3.23)	2.49 (2.04 to 2.94)	2.84 (2.60 to 3.08)	3.74 (3.24 to 4.24)
APS9G	C580Y	0.79 (0.65 to 0.92)	3.35 (2.60 to 4.10)	2.56 (2.30 to 2.82)	2.29 (1.89 to 2.69)	2.21 (1.98 to 2.44)	3.54 (3.05 to 4.03)
ARN2G	G449A	0.78 (0.63 to 0.92)	3.01 (2.25 to 3.78)	2.46 (1.81 to 3.11)	2.00 (1.89 to 2.10)	2.40 (1.96 to 2.84)	3.37 (2.81 to 3.93)
Mean of all artemisinin-resistant isolates (n = 5)		0.81 (0.75 to 0.88)	3.42 (3.10 to 3.74)	2.58 (2.34 to 2.82)	2.14 (2.00 to 2.28)	2.30 (2.14 to 2.47)	3.23 (2.97 to 3.49)

^aAll data are reported as mean IC₅₀ (95% confidence interval), with the unit μM.