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. 2023 Jul 25;2023(7):CD015078. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD015078

Risk of bias for analysis 1.7 Need for new dialysis up to day 28.

Study Bias
Randomisation process Deviations from intended interventions Missing outcome data Measurement of the outcome Selection of the reported results Overall
Authors' judgement Support for judgement Authors' judgement Support for judgement Authors' judgement Support for judgement Authors' judgement Support for judgement Authors' judgement Support for judgement Authors' judgement Support for judgement
Horby 2021 (RECOVERY) Low risk of bias A web‐based randomisation with allocation concealment was used and the baseline characteristics were balanced between groups. High risk of bias In the intervention group, 10% never obtained the treatment and 31% did not recieve it consistently. There were even 210 (3%) participants in the control group receiving the intervention. Low risk of bias Data for this outcome were available for 99% of the included participants. Low risk of bias The measurement of the outcome was appropriate. The decision to start a new renal replacement therapy could have been influenced by the open‐label design, but the influence of the assessment by knowledge of the intervention is almost impossible. Low risk of bias The SAP was finalized before unblinded outcome data were available, there were no multiple elegible outcome measurements/data for this outcome. High risk of bias Overall, we rate a high risk of bias due to deviations from the intended intervention.