Table 1.
Select Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of Hospitalized Cohort and Initiators of Selected Drug Regimens
| Characteristic | Hospitalized Cohort | Monotherapies | Combination Regimen | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CS | RDV | IL-6i + CS | JAKi + CS | CS + RDV | IL-6i + CS + RDV | JAKi + CS + RDV | ||
| N = 51 066 (100%) |
n = 17 012 (33.3%) |
n = 2313 (4.5%) |
n = 2722 (5.3%) |
n = 2295 (4.5%) |
n = 16 776 (32.8%) |
n = 1962 (3.8%) |
n = 2094 (4.1%) |
|
| Demographic and clinical characteristics | ||||||||
| Age, y | ||||||||
| Mean (SD) | 52.5 (16.6) | 55.2 (16.0) | 55.8 (15.6) | 56.0 (13.9) | 56.0 (13.4) | 55.4 (14.6) | 55.1 (13.7) | 55.4 (13.8) |
| Median (IQR) | 55 (39–65) | 58 (44–67) | 58 (45–67) | 57 (47–65) | 58 (47–65) | 57 (46–65) | 56 (46–64) | 57 (46–64) |
| Sex | ||||||||
| Female | 28 076 (55.0) | 8620 (50.7) | 1216 (52.6) | 1304 (47.9) | 1118 (48.7) | 8554 (51.0) | 924 (47.1) | 1007 (48.1) |
| US Census region | … | … | 1097 (47.4) | 1418 (52.1) | 1177 (51.3) | 8222 (49.0) | 1038 (52.9) | 1087 (51.9) |
| Northeast | 10 529 (20.6) | 3356 (19.7) | … | … | … | … | … | … |
| Midwest | 4016 (7.9) | 1538 (9.0) | 638 (27.6) | 726 (26.7) | 343 (14.9) | 3951 (23.6) | 607 (30.9) | 484 (23.1) |
| South | 24 364 (47.7) | 7907 (46.5) | 88 (3.8) | 201 (7.4) | 358 (15.6) | 857 (5.1) | 79 (4.0) | 161 (7.7) |
| West | 12 153 (23.8) | 4209 (24.7) | 1106 (47.8) | 1227 (45.1) | 994 (43.3) | 7764 (46.3) | 863 (44.0) | 908 (43.4) |
| Other/missing | 4 (<0.1) | 2 (<0.1) | 481 (20.8) | 568 (20.9) | 600 (26.1) | 4203 (25.1) | 413 (21.0) | 541 (25.8) |
| Insurance typea | ||||||||
| None recorded | 424 (0.8) | 138 (0.8) | 14 (0.6) | 21 (0.8) | 12 (0.5) | 118 (0.7) | 10 (0.5) | 6 (0.3) |
| Commercial only | 14 393 (28.2) | 4762 (28.0) | 591 (25.6) | 1000 (36.7) | 884 (38.5) | 5590 (33.3) | 764 (38.9) | 734 (35.1) |
| Medicare | 10 030 (19.6) | 3667 (21.6) | 611 (26.4) | 592 (21.7) | 424 (18.5) | 3401 (20.3) | 368 (18.8) | 379 (18.1) |
| Medicaid | 26 219 (51.3) | 8445 (49.6) | 1097 (47.4) | 1109 (40.7) | 975 (42.5) | 7667 (45.7) | 820 (41.8) | 975 (46.6) |
| Baseline clinical characteristics | ||||||||
| Comorbidity index (Gange) | ||||||||
| Mean (SD) | 3.1 (3.3) | 2.8 (3.0) | 3.3 (3.4) | 2.9 (2.9) | 2.5 (2.7) | 2.6 (2.9) | 2.7 (2.8) | 2.4 (2.7) |
| Median (IQR) | 2.0 (1.0–5.0) | 2.0 (1.0–5.0) | 2.0 (1.0–5.0) | 2.0 (1.0–5.0) | 2.0 (1.0–4.0) | 2.0 (0.0–4.0) | 2.0 (1.0–4.0) | 2.0 (0.0–4.0) |
| Hospital characteristics | ||||||||
| Hospital setting | ||||||||
| Urban | 45 146 (88.4) | 15 007 (88.2) | 1831 (79.2) | 2400 (88.2) | 2084 (90.8) | 14 779 (88.1) | 1787 (91.1) | 1914 (91.4) |
| Rural | 4568 (8.9) | 1514 (8.9) | 428 (18.5) | 242 (8.9) | 155 (6.8) | 1474 (8.8) | 120 (6.1) | 126 (6.0) |
| Other/missing | 1352 (2.6) | 491 (2.9) | 54 (2.3) | 80 (2.9) | 56 (2.4) | 523 (3.1) | 55 (2.8) | 54 (2.6) |
| Hospital teaching status | ||||||||
| Teaching hospital | 20 500 (40.1) | 6614 (38.9) | 1096 (47.4) | 973 (35.7) | 726 (31.6) | 6185 (36.9) | 702 (35.8) | 754 (36.0) |
| Nonteaching | 30 097 (58.9) | 10 247 (60.2) | 1190 (51.4) | 1744 (64.1) | 1532 (66.8) | 10 445 (62.3) | 1256 (64.0) | 1305 (62.3) |
| Other/missing | 469 (0.9) | 151 (0.9) | 27 (1.2) | 5 (0.2) | 37 (1.6) | 146 (0.9) | 4 (0.2) | 35 (1.7) |
Data are presented as No. (%) unless otherwise indicated.
Abbreviations: CS, corticosteroids; IL-6i, interleukin-6 inhibitor; IQR, interquartile range; JAKi, Janus kinase inhibitor; RDV, remdesivir; SD, standard deviation.
a
Insurance status was defined via mutually exclusive categories, where patients with any Medicaid were assigned to the Medicaid group, patients with any Medicare and no Medicaid were assigned to the Medicare group, and patients with commercial insurance only were assigned to the commercial group.