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. 2023 Jul 25;13:12045. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-38478-y

Table 2.

Participant characteristics by group.

Baseline characteristic Study 1 Study 2
Mindfulness
n = 37
Perspective-
taking
n = 37
Control
n = 34
Mindfulness
n = 75
Perspective-
taking
n = 72
Control
n = 71
Mean or n SD
or %
Mean or n SD
or %
Mean or n SD
or %
Mean or n SD
or %
Mean or n SD
or %
Mean or n SD
or %
Age 20.70 (1.87) 20.21 (1.59) 20.70 (1.65) 20. 60 (1.26) 20.60 (1.50) 20.60 (3.16)

Missing

Gender

3 4.0% 5 6.9% 4 5.6%
Women 21 56.8% 22 64.71% 22 59.46% 58 77.3% 49 68.1% 50 70.4%
Men 15 40.5% 12 35.29% 15 40.54% 14 18.7% 17 23.6% 17 23.9%
Other 1 2.7% 0 0% 0 0% 0 0% 0 0% 0 0%
Missing (n, %) 3 4.0% 6 8.3% 4 5.6%
Race
white 20 54.1% 19 55.9% 19 51.40% 24 32.0% 29 40.3% 28 39.4%
Asian 13 32.4% 9 26.5% 11 29.7% 29 38.7% 19 26.4% 21 29.6%
Black 1 2.7% 1 2.9% 0 0% 6 8.0% 6 8.3% 5 7.0%
Latino/a 1 2.7% 1 2.9% 3 8.1% 5 6.7% 3 4.2% 3 4.2%
Other 3 8.1% 4 11.8% 4 10.8% 8 10.7% 10 13.9% 10 14.1%
Missing 3 4.0% 5 6.9% 4 5.6%
Baseline alcohol use
Drinking frequency 0.90 (0.45) 0.76 (0.52) 1.06 (0.56)

Missing (n, %)

Drinking amount

Missing (n, %)

3

2.43

3

8.1%

(1.71)

8.1%

2

2.80

2

5.4%

(2.89)

5.4%

1

2.92

2

2.9%

(1.50)

5.8%

Baseline drinking measures were only collected in Study 1, but not in Study 2. Participants reported their habitual beer, wine, and spirits consumption per week in the month prior to the intervention using the Alcohol Use Questionnaire (AUQ)81. To create the baseline drinking measures, we averaged the number of drinks and number of drinking occasions across beer, wine, and spirits.