Table 2.
Extent of presenteeism among different professions and settings.
| Presenteesism (number of days 0–365) | N | Mean | SD | Median | Kruskal–Wallis test | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Professions | p value | Significant differences using pairwise comparison* | ||||
| Registered nurses1 | 5922 | 3.4 | 6.6 | 2 | < 0.001 | 1vs2; 1vs7; 2vs3; 2vs5; 2vs6; 2vs7 |
| Nurse assistants with formal education2 | 3030 | 4.3 | 12.0 | 2 | ||
| Nurse assistants without formal education3 | 1018 | 3.1 | 5.3 | 2 | ||
| Midwives4 | 133 | 2.7 | 3.6 | 2 | ||
| Physicians5 | 918 | 3.4 | 6.0 | 2 | ||
| Medical-technical professionals6 | 408 | 2.8 | 5.2 | 2 | ||
| Medical-therapeutic professionals7 | 1144 | 2.9 | 11.9 | 2 | ||
|
Employees from administration/research8 |
358 | 3.7 | 6.8 | 2 | ||
| Settings | ||||||
| Acute care/rehabilitation hospitals1 | 6486 | 3.3 | 9.8 | 2 | < 0.001 | 1vs2; 1vs3; 1vs4; 2vs3; 2vs4; 3vs4 |
| Psychiatric hospitals2 | 3526 | 3.5 | 5.6 | 2 | ||
| Nursing homes3 | 3090 | 4.2 | 8.7 | 2 | ||
| Home care organizations4 | 2083 | 2.7 | 7.0 | 2 | ||
N = number of cases in total, SD = standard deviation, *pairwise comparison using the significance level of 0.05 (2-sided), adjusted by Bonferroni correction for multiple tests.
The superscript numbers 1 - 8 refer to the right column "Significant differences using pairwise comparison".