Table 2.

List of quantitative agro-morphological traits used along with their phenotype code, description, and phenotype scores.

Traits	Phenotypic code	Descriptions
Plant height at flowering (cm)	PHF	At 50% flowering, the height in cm from the ground's surface to the main stem's tip (terminal inflorescence) was measured using a meter tap.
Plant height at maturity (cm)	PHM	Using a meter tap, determine a plant's height in centimeters at the 80% maturity stage from the soil's surface to the top of the inflorescence.
Leaf length (cm)	LL	A meter tap was used to measure the length of the leaves at the blooming stage for each plant's three typical representative leaf sizes (small, medium, and big).
Leaf width (cm)	LW	Three different representative leaf sizes (small, middle, and large) per plant were randomly sampled for measurement of leaf width at the flowering stage by using a meter tap.
Stem diameter (mm)	SD	Using a digital caliper, the thickest section of the stem, at the maturity stage, was measured to be 10 cm above the ground.
Leaf thickness (mm)	LT	A digital caliper was used to measure the leaf thickness in the center of the leaf at the blooming stage on three distinct representative leaf sizes (small, medium, and big) from each plant.
Petiole length (cm)	PL	At the flowering stage, a meter scale was used to measure the distance in centimeters from the base of the stem to the petiole of each leaf for three sample petiole sizes (small, medium, and big) on each plant. measured from the start of the leaf blade to the point where the petiole was inserted.
Number of the branch (number)	BN	At the mature growth stage, the number of branches along the main stem was counted.
Terminal inflorescence stalk length (cm)	TISL	A meter rule was used to measure the average length of 10 randomly chosen terminal inflorescence stalks from the base to the tip at the maturity stage.
Terminal inflorescence laterals length (cm)	TILL	The mean length of 10 randomly selected terminal inflorescence laterals length (cm) was measured at the maturity stage.
Number of nodes on the main stem (number)	NN	Many nodes were counted along the main stem at the flowering stage.
Grain yield (tone ha−1)	GY	An adjusted moisture content of 12% was used to estimate the grain yield, which was then weighed to calculate the dry matter of the net plot and extrapolated per hectare.
Leaf area (cm2)	LA	Three different representative leaf sizes (small, middle, and large) per plant were measured by using a digital leaf area meter.
1000 Seed weight (g)	TSW	Using an analytical balance, a sample of a thousand seeds from each genotype was counted and weighed.
Number of leaves (number)	LN	At the flowering stage, the main stem's countable leaves were counted.
Days to maturity (days)	DM	Plant maturity occurs when the seed removed from the center of the inflorescence does not change form when crushed between fingers and when the inflorescence turns from green to brown.
Days to flowering (days)	DF	From the 90% emergence date until the point where 50% of the plants in a row had ears developed in the terminal inflorescence, it took days for 50% of the plants to bloom.
Basal lateral branch length (cm) at maturity	BLBL	Using a meter tap, the maturity stage is measured from the bottom of the stem branches to the top of a branch.
Top lateral branch length (cm) at maturity	TLBL	measured using a meter tap at the mature stage from the top of the stem branches to the top of a branch.
Axillary inflorescence length (cm)	AIL	At the maturity stage, the mean length of 10 randomly chosen auxiliary inflorescences was measured.
Days to emergence (days)	DE	The number of days from planting to 90% of seedlings germinates in each plot was recorded and expressed in days.
Leaf yield (tone ha−1)	LY	The separated parts of the leaves were dried for a week (7 days) and weighed to determine the dry matter of the net plot and then extrapolated per hectare.
Grain filling period (days)	GFP	The number of days between days for 50% flowering and days to grain maturity.
Grain sink filling rate (kg ha−1day −1)	GSFR	GSFR is stated as a ratio of grain yield to the number of days from 50% blooming to seed maturity and is represented in kilograms per hectare per day.