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. 2023 Jul 8;9(7):e18074. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18074

Table 7.

Short run and long run NARDL coefficient.

Variables	Long run estimation			Short run estimation
Variables	Coefficient	t-test	p-value	variables	Coefficient		t-test	p-value
GDPC⁺	0.537*	3.754	0.005	GDPC⁺	0.475*		5.397	0.000
GDPC^-	0.032*	0.083	0.000	GDPC^-	0.216**		3.286	0.023
TD⁺	−1.437*	−4.737	0.001	TD⁺	−0.763*		−5.187	0.004
TD^-	−0.584**	−2.874	0.026	TD^-	−1.579*		−2.947	0.001
SG⁺	−0.076**	−1.437	0.035	SG⁺	−0.087		−0.438	0.326
SG^-	−0.094*	−0.964	0.005	SG^-	−0.065**		−0.325	0.009
ENE⁺	0.165*	1.589	0.000	ENE⁺	0.169*		3.478	0.005
ENE^-	0.138*	1.437	0.003	ENE^-	0.547**		2.164	0.034
SI⁺	0.870**	2.726	0.043	SI⁺	0.653*		1.969	0.004
SI⁻	0.065**	0.763	0.016	SI⁻	1.658**		3.375	0.027
C	−0.386*	−5.436	0.004	ECT(−)	−0.865*		−8.547	0.000
Diagnostic testsrowhead
R²		0.98		JB normality		0.947 (0.326)
Adjusted R²		0.96		X² LM		0.548 (0.275)
DW statistics		2.659		X² ARCH		0.065 (0.538)
F-statistics		547.865 (0.000)		X² RESET		0.658 (0.421)