Table 2.
The index categories and their underlying indicators, units, and environmental impacts. Prepared by the Authors.
| Category | Indicators | Unit | Beneficial/Non-beneficial |
|---|---|---|---|
| Air quality | Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) | Yearly daily average | Non-beneficial |
| Sulphur dioxide (SO2) | Yearly daily average | Non-beneficial | |
| Ozone (O3) | Yearly daily average | Non-beneficial | |
| Carbon monoxide (CO.) | Yearly daily average | Non-beneficial | |
| Buildings | Energy consumption of residential buildings (E-CRB) | Per m2 | Non-beneficial |
| CO2 | CO2 emission (E-CO2) | Tonnes/head | Non-beneficial |
| CO2 intensity (I–CO2) | Grams/real GDP | Non-beneficial | |
| Energy | Energy consumption (EC) | Gigajoules/head | Non-beneficial |
| Energy intensity (EI) | Mega joules/real GDP | Non-beneficial | |
| Renewable energy consumption (REC) | % in terajoules | Non-beneficial | |
| Transport | Use of non-car transport (UNT) | % | Beneficial |
| Size of non-car transport network (S-NTN) | Km/m2 | Beneficial | |
| Waste and land use | Municipal waste production (MWP) | kg/head | Non-beneficial |
| Waste recycling (WR) | % | Beneficial | |
| Water | Wastewater treatment (WT) | % | Beneficial |
| Water System Leakages (WSL) | % | Non-beneficial | |
| Water consumption (WC) | m3/head | Non-beneficial |