Table 1.
Summary of the most important studies on cognitive functions and DMTs.
| Authors | Year of publication | DMT | No of subjects | Test | DMT efficacy | Follow-up |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fischer et al. | 2000 | INFβ-1a im/placebo | 83/83 | Brief Np. Battery | Yes | 2 y |
| Patti et al. | 2013 | INFβ-1a sc, COGIMUS Study | 201 | BRB, Stroop Test | Yes | 5 y |
| Mori et al. | 2012 | INFβ-1a sc | 80 | PASAT | Yes | 2 y |
| Benesova et al. | 2017 | INFβ-1a sc, SKORE Study | 300 | PASAT | Yes | 2 y |
| Penner et al. | 2012 | INFβ-1b, BENEFIT Study | 468 | PASAT | Yes | 5 y |
| Kappos et al. | 2016 | INFβ-1b, BENEFIT Study | 278 | PASAT | Yes | 11 y |
| Barak et al. | 2002 | INFβ-1b/placebo | 18 /23 | BRB tests | Yes | 1 y |
| Lacy et al. | 2013 | INFβ-1b | 16 | Wechsler Memory Scale, Stroop tasks | Yes | 16 y |
| Weinstein et al. | 2002 | GA/placebo | 125 /126 | BRB | No | 2 y |
| Ziemsen et al | 2014 | GA, COPTIMIZE Study | 672 | PASAT | Yes | 2 y |
| Ziemsen et al. | 2016 | GA, QualiCOP | 754 | PASAT, MUSIC | Yes | 2 y |
| Cinar et al. | 2017 | INFβ-1a sc/INFβ-1b/GA | 53/52/56 | BICAMS | Yes | 1 y |
| Gartner et al. | 2017 | INFβ-1b, BETAPAEDIC Study | 68 | Wechsler Scale, Raven Matrices | Yes | 2 y |
| Coyle et al. | 2018 | Teriflunomide,TERI-PRO | 100 | SDMT | Yes | 48 weeks |
| Wuerfel et al. | 2022 | Teriflunomide/placebo, TEMSO | 358/363 | PASAT | Yes | 2 y |
| Giovannoni et al. | 2016 | DMF/placebo DEFINE, CONFIRM | 769 / 771 | PASAT | Yes | 96 weeks |
| Amato et al. | 2020 | DMF | 217 | BRB, Stroop tes | Yes | 2 y |
| Kappos et al.; Cohen et al. | 2016 | Fingolimod/placebo freedoms, transforms studies | 783/773 | PASAT | Yes | 2 y |
| Ozakbas et al. | 2016 | Fingolimod | 96 | SDMT, BVMTR, CVLT2 | Yes | 6 months |
| Barak et al. | 2019 | Fingolimod | 29 | Mindstream Computerized Global Assessment Battery | Yes | 1 y |
| Cree et al. | 2018 | Fingolimod/injectable, PREFERMS Study | 433/428 | SDMT | No | 48 weeks |
| Comi et al. | 2017 | Fingolimod/INFβ-1b, GOLDEN Study | 106/51 | Rao, BRB | Yes | 18 months |
| Schulze et al. | 2021 | Fingolimod, PANGAEA Study | 2,428 | SDMT | Yes | 2 y |
| Weinstock-Guttman | 2012 | Natalizumab/Placebo,AFFIRM Study | 627/315 | PASAT | Yes | 2 y |
| Perumal et al. | 2019 | Natalizumab, STRIVE Study | 222 | SDMT | Yes | 2 y |
| Wilken et al. | 2013 | Natalizuamb, ENER-G Study | 89 | ANAM | Yes | 48 weeks |
| Giovannoni et al. | 2017 | Alemtuzumab/ INFβ-1a, CARE-MS Study | 426/202 | PASAT | Yes | 2 y |
| Cohan et al. | 2020 | Ocrelizumab/INFβ-1a, OPERA I, II Studies | 827/829 | SDMT | Yes | 96 weeks |
| Giovannoni | 2021 | Siponimod/placebo, EXTEND Core Study | 903/427 | SDMT | Yes | 5 y |
| Benedict | 2022 | ofatumumab/teriflunomide ASCLEPIOS I/II | 492/468 | SDMT | Yes | 2 y |
BRB, Brief Repeatable Battery; MUSIC, Multiple Sclerosis Inventory Cognition Scale.