Table 2.
Frailty Markers Over Time
| Characteristic | Baseline | Month 6 | Year 1 | Year 2 | Year 5 | P for Linear Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Participants | 985 | 805 | 706 | 578 | 270 | – |
| Measurements (%) | 744 (75.5) | 536 (66.6) | 466 (66.0) | 312 (54.0) | 100 (37.0) | – |
| Frailty score, median (IQR) | 3 (2-4) | 3 (2-4) | 3 (2-4) | 3 (2-4) | 3 (2-4) | 0.26 |
| Frail (%) | 525 (70.6) | 363 (67.7) | 307 (65.9) | 207 (66.3) | 71 (71.0) | 0.40 |
| Measurements (%) | 950 (96.4) | 713 (88.6) | 620 (87.8) | 482 (83.4) | 190 (70.4) | – |
| Physical inactivity (%) | 401 (42.2) | 255 (35.8) | 219 (35.3) | 153 (31.7) | 66 (34.7) | 0.02 |
| Measurements (%) | 758 (77.0) | 545 (67.7) | 471 (66.7) | 315 (54.5) | 108 (40.0) | – |
| Slowness/weakness (%) | 600 (79.2) | 432 (79.3) | 363 (77.1) | 249 (79.0) | 92 (85.2) | 0.41 |
| Measurements (%) | 762 (77.4) | 549 (68.2) | 472 (66.9) | 317 (54.8) | 107 (39.6) | – |
| Poor endurance/exhaustion (%) | 549 (72.0) | 359 (65.4) | 323 (68.4) | 214 (67.5) | 70 (65.4) | 0.14 |
| Malnutrition (%) | 29 (2.9) | 101 (12.5) | 95 (13.5) | 101 (17.5) | 78 (28.9) | <0.001 |
Note: Each cell shows the number of participants (and percentage) with the characteristic measured, and the number of participants (and percentage) with that characteristic or the median (IQR) for the frailty score. The frailty score ranges from 0 to 5. High scores indicate more frailty. Malnutrition, by definition, had no missing measurements.
Abbreviations: IQR, interquartile range