Table 1.
Causes of secondary NS.
| Genetic NS. | Ref |
|---|---|
| Overall | (22–44) |
| SDNS associated | |
| GTPase | (27) |
| MRNS associated | |
| NPHS1, NPHS2 | (29, 35) |
| ACTN, MYO,INF2 | (31, 32, 36) |
| COQ2,COQ6 | (37) |
| TRCP6 | (34) |
| Susceptibility | |
| HLA-DQ1, HLA,DQB1 | (43) |
| CALHM6,TNFSF15,Nephrin | (42, 44) |
| APOL1 | (45) |
| Virus-associated | |
| SARS-CoV-5 (any age) | (46) |
| HIV (any age) | (47–52) |
| Parvovirus (any age) | (53) |
| Drug-associated | |
| Pamidronate | (54) |
| Lithium | (55, 56) |
| mTOR inhibitors, sirolimus | (57, 58) |
| VEGF block. Bevacizumab: | (59) |
| Aflibercet | (59) |
| tyrosine kinase inhibitor.Ibrutinib | (60, 61) |
mTOR, mammalian target of rapamycin; VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor.